Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

391 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice

Meerwein-Ponndrof reduction is found in which of the following?

  1. Aldehydes or ketones are reduced in presence of amalgamate zinc/hydrochloric acid to form alkane.

  2. Aldehydes or ketones are reduced in presence of aluminium isopropoxide to form alcohol.

  3. Aldehydes or ketones are reduced in the presence of hydrazine to alkane.

  4. Cynide reduced in presence of stannous chloride with hydrochloric acid followed by hydrolysis yield aldehydes.

  5. Both (3) and (4) are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because when aldehydes or ketones are reduced with reagent aluminium isopropoxide it gives alcohol.

Multiple choice

Which type of mixture is formed by iodine in alcohol?

  1. Homogeneous and liquid-liquid mixture

  2. Homogeneous and solid-liquid mixture

  3. Heterogeneous and liquid-liquid mixture

  4. Heterogeneous and solid-liquid mixture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is a homogeneous and a solid-liquid mixture.

Multiple choice

Which of the following compounds is an ester?

  1. CH3COOH

  2. CH3COCH3

  3. CH3COOCH3

  4. CH3CHO

  5. C2H5CHO
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Methyl ethanoate, i.e. CH3COO (CH3COOH) comes from ethanoic acid and CH3 comes from methanol (CH3OH). Methyl ethanoate is an ester.

Multiple choice

Which of the following options belong to tertiary alcohol?

  1. CH3-OH

  2. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

  3. CH3C(CH3)(OH)CH3

  4. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3

  5. CH3CH1CH1OH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In tertiary alcohol, such as CH3C(CH3)(OH)CH3 (2-methylpropan-2-ol), the alcohol functional group is in the 'middle' of the chain, with three alkyl groups attached to the same carbon as the alcohol functional group.

Multiple choice

Consider the following facts:

  1. Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn or sugarcane.
  2. Ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles as an additive to gasoline and not in its pure form.

Which of the above statements is/are true?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions. Bioethanol is widely used in USA and in Brazil.

Multiple choice

Which of the following mixtures will show negative deviation from Raoult’s law?

  1. Acetone and formaldehyde

  2. Acetone and ethyl alcohol

  3. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde

  4. Methane and acetaldehyde

  5. Methane and ethyl alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer. As bonding between two components (acetone and ethyl alcohol) is more than individuals due to H-bonding, this mixture will show negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is incorrect about Green Solvents?

  1. Glycerol carbonate can be used as non-reactive diluents in epoxy or polyurethane systems

  2. 2-ethylhexyl lactate can be used for protection of paddy rice crops

  3. Super critical carbon dioxide is used in polymer applications

  4. Instead of using Lewis acids for Friedal Craft acylation we use ionic liquids as solvents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because instead of using Lewis Acids for Friedal Craft Acylation we use 'Near-Critical' water which is very hot but still liquid water at temperatures of 250ᵒC to 300ᵒC and pressure of 6.89 MPa.

Multiple choice

Which of the following can be used to sterilize the heat labile instruments for use in surgical procedures?

  1. Absolute alcohol

  2. Ultraviolet rays

  3. Chlorine-releasing compounds

  4. Ethylene oxide gas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mechanism of Action - Alkylation of amino, carboxyl, etc., group of proteins. Use: To sterilized heat-labile instruments  like dental equipment, heart lung machines, etc. Disadvantage: It is potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic.

Multiple choice

Which of the following compounds is used in wood polish and varnish?

  1. Methane

  2. Acetaldehyde

  3. Methyl alcohol

  4. Acetic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Methane - It is used for making printing inks and black paints. Acetaldehyde - It is used in the manufacture of acetic acid and dyes. Methyl alcohol - It is used as a solvent for wood polish and varnish. Acetic acid - It is used as a preservative when mixed with water, e.g. vinegar.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

  1. The most commonly used bleaching agent is a chlorine compound.
  2. Vegetable oil undergoes hydrogenation to remain in liquid form.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. The chemical name of bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite (a compound of chlorine), which is used for the disinfection of drinking water or swimming pool water.

Statement 2 is incorrect. A common hydrogenation is the hardening of animal fats or vegetable oils to make them solid at room temperature and improve their stability.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following compounds is used as a sedative?

  1. potassium bromide

  2. calcium chloride

  3. ethyl alcohol

  4. phosphorous trichloride
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Potassium bromide is a sedative because bromide ions (Br-) have a calming effect on the central nervous system. Historically, bromide salts were widely used as sedatives and anticonvulsants. Calcium chloride is used in de-icing and as a calcium supplement. Ethyl alcohol is a depressant but not classified as a sedative drug. Phosphorus trichloride is a reactive chemical used in synthesis.