Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Formation of fruit without fertilization is called parthenogenesis.

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Parthenocarpy (literally meaning "virgin fruit") is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules, which makes the fruit seedless. Pathogenesis is the reproduction from an ovum without fertilization, especially as a normal process in some invertebrates and lower plants.

So, the correct option is, 'False'.

Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. An individual may change its sex during its lifetime

  2. Specialized groups of cells may be released and grow into new individuals

  3. An egg develops without being fertilized

  4. Both members of a mating pair have male and female reproductive organs

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Parthenogenesis, a reproductive strategy that involves the development of a female gamete (sex cell) without fertilization. An egg produced parthenogenetically may be either haploid (i.e., with one set of dissimilar chromosomes) or diploid (i.e., with a paired set of chromosomes). Parthenogenesis has received considerable attention as a tool for the production of stem cells. The possibility of deriving stem cells from parthenogenetic embryos could eliminate the requirement to produce and destroy viable embryos and may reduce the ethical concerns surrounding stem cell research. 

So the correct option is 'an egg develops without being fertilized'.

State true or false. Correct false statement.
Systematic desensitization is proposed by Ellis.

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Involuntary muscles are

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Under the control of will

  2. Not under the control of will

  3. Controlled by nervous system

  4. Not controlled by nervous system

Show answer
Correct Option: A,D

Centre of autonomic nervous system is located in?

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Medulla Oblongata

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Both $(1)$ and $(2)$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The nervous system in humans controls a variety of functions. The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system are the two major parts of the nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is further of two types- the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic system controls the sense organs and voluntary muscles. The autonomic nervous system controls the internal organs and glands of the body. The hypothalamus acts as the center of the autonomic nervous system and controls its activities.
So the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.

Organism that can respond to stimuli are 

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Eukaryotes only

  2. Prokaaryotes only

  3. Both $(i)$ and $(ii)$

  4. Those with a well developed nervous system

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All living organism need to respond to change in their environment. They respond to stimuli after this detection takes place. 

Stimulus > detection> coordination> response. 
Receptors are specialized cells that detect a stimulus. Their job is to convert the stimulus into electrical signals in nerve cells.

So the correct option is " Those with a well developed nervous system". 

Sympatheticnervous system is also called 

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. visceral nervous system

  2. thoraco-lumber nervous system

  3. cranio-sacral nervous system

  4. mesentaric nervous system

Show answer
Correct Option: B

In mammals, the autonomic system is composed of

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

  2. Cranial and spinal nerves

  3. Brain and spinal cord

  4. Medullated and non-medullated nerves

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The nervous system is divided into two major divisions, central and peripheral nervous system. 

The centrally located central nervous system includes brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system includes all cranial and spinal nerves. 
Peripheral nervous system is further divided into somatic and autonomous divisions. The autonomous nervous system has two divisions; sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, which have opposite functions. 
The nerve fibres are classified as myelinated and non myelinated fibres on the basis of presence or absence of myelin sheath. Myelinated fibres are present in the white matter of brain and spinal cord as well as in cranial and spinal nerves. Non-myelinated fibres are present in autonomous nerves system. 

Which is activated in stress condition?

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Sympathetic nervous system

  2. Parasympathetic nervous system

  3. Somatic nervous system

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A

In human, autonomic nervous system is composed of 

zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

  1. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

  2. Cranial and spinal nerves

  3. Brain and spinal nerves

  4. Medulated and non medulated nerves

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Humans, the autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). 

They have antagonistic (opposite) effects on the internal organs they innervate. 
The SNS is activated during critical situations, like fight or flight responses and consists of motor neurons that stimulate skeletal muscles. PNS is activated whilst at rest, such as during food digestion after eating and it consists of motor neurons that control smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands. Hence option A is correct.