Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Relationships in an ecosystem can be depicted through

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Pyramid of energy

  2. Pyramid of biomass

  3. Pyramid of numbers

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation showing relationships between organisms at different trophic level in an ecosystem. Pyramid of biomass is the graphical representation of total amount of living material at each trophic level of a food chain. Pyramid of numbers represent the number of individuals in each trophic level of a food chain. Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level of a food chain. The ecological pyramid are either upright, inverted or spindle shaped.

Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'

Ecological pyramids are of ______ types.

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. Five

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An ecological pyramid is a graphic representation of the relationship between organisms at various trophic levels in a food chain. Ecological pyramids are of 3 types, namely biomass, energy and number. Pyramid of Number represents the number of organisms at different trophic levels of food chain. Pyramid of biomass represents the biomass of organisms at different trophic levels of the food chain. Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at different trophic levels.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Three.' 

Which one has always an upright/ steeper vertical gradient?

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Pyramid of mass

  2. Pyramid of energy

  3. Pyramid of numbers

  4. Pyramid of energy in aquatic ecosystem

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level. In any ecosystem, flow of energy declines as it passes from lower to higher trophic level. This is explained by second law of thermodynamics. Hence, the pyramid of energy always has an upright or steeper vertical gradient. In this, the energy decreases from one trophic level to the next trophic level because energy is lost as metabolic heat during transfer of energy. When food energy passes from producers to herbivores to carnivores, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Pyramid of energy.'

Pyramid of energy is always upright indicating that

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency.

  2. Carnivorous have a better energy efficiency than herbivores.

  3. Energy conversion efficiency is same for all trophic levels.

  4. Herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level. In any ecosystem, flow of energy declines as it passes from lower to higher trophic level. Hence, pyramid of energy is always upright indicating that herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores.  Each successive trophic level has less total energy. In this, the energy decreases from one trophic level to the next trophic level because energy is lost as metabolic heat during transfer of energy. When food energy passes from producers to herbivores to carnivores, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores.'

Relationship between different organisms can best be studied by

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Food webs

  2. Pyramid of mass

  3. Pyramid of energy

  4. Eltonian pyramids

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Eltonian pyramid is also called as ecological pyramid. It is a graphical representation showing relationship between different organisms at different trophic level.
Food web is a connection between various food chains in an ecosystem.
Pyramid of mass represents the biomass of organisms at different trophic level.
Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy present at each trophic level. 
Thus, the correct answer is 'Eltonian pyramid.'

Which of the following is not correct?

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. In most ecosystems, the pyramids of numbers and biomass are upright.

  2. In tree dominated ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is inverted.

  3. In deep water ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright.

  4. Pyramid of energy expresses mainly the rate of food production.

  5. Total energy flow at successive trophic levels always decreases.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
a) Pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms at each trophic level. Pyramid of biomass represents the biomass of organisms at each trophic level. In most ecosystems, the pyramids of numbers and biomass are upright.
b) In tree dominated ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is inverted. The first trophic level contains plants. The second trophic level contains birds which are more in number as compared to number of plants.
c) In deep water ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright. The biomass at first trophic level is maximum followed by second trophic level (primary consumer) followed by third trophic level (secondary consumer).
d) Pyramid of energy expresses mainly the amount of energy produced at a particular level and the rate at which it is transferred.
e) Similarly, the pyramid of energy is always upright. Total energy flow at successive trophic levels always decreases from first trophic level to another trophic level.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Pyramid of energy expresses mainly the rate of food production.'

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Linear

  2. Inverted

  3. Upright

  4. Irregular

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
In pond ecosystem, the shape of pyramid of energy is always upright. It indicates the energy at each trophic level. In this, the energy at producer level is maximum, followed by primary consumers (herbivores), followed by secondary consumers (carnivores). The base of the pyramid of energy represents the producers in a pond ecosystem. 
Thus, the correct answer is 'Upright.'

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species

  2. The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area called sere

  3. Pyramid of energy is always inverted

  4. Pyramid of numbers in a tree ecosystem can be inverted

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species. In primary succession on rocks, the pioneer species were lichens. The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area called sere. The individual transitional community is called seral stage. Pyramid of energy is always upright. Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to successive trophic level in a pyramid. Pyramid of numbers in a tree ecosystem can be inverted. In this, the first trophic level contains minimum number of individuals and top trophic level contains maximum number of individuals.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Pyramid of energy is always inverted.'

If the energy produced at the level of producers is 1000 J, the energy available for the secondary consumers is

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. 1000 J

  2. 100 J

  3. 10 J

  4. 1 J

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In a food chain, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level. If the energy produced at the producer level is 1000 J, then the energy available at the primary consumer level will be 100 J and energy available at the secondary consumer level will be 10 J.

Thus, the correct answer is '10 J'.

Pyramid of energy is always upright. This is in accordance with the law of 

zoology energy flow in an ecosystem the energy pyramid ecological pyramid ecological pyramids

  1. Thermodynamics

  2. Tolerance

  3. Limiting factors

  4. Evolution

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Flow of energy declines as it passes from lower to higher trophic level. This is explained by second law of thermodynamics. According to this law, the energy decreases from one trophic level to the next trophic level because energy is lost as metabolic heat during transfer of energy. When food energy passes from producers to herbivores to carnivores, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level. Hence, the pyramid of energy is always upright.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Thermodynamics.'