Tag: zoology

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Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Which type of stimulus is used to achieve parthenogenetic development?

  1. Chemical

  2. Change in pH

  3. Pricking with microneedle

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stimulus which are used to induce artificial parthenogenesis are chemicals like salts, weak acids, organic solvents, (chloroform) urea, sucrose, strychnine and physical stimuli like temperature, electric shock or mere shaking, a needle smeared with blood (egg of frog) and saline solution (egg of sea urchin).

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Which corresponds to parthenogenesis?

  1. Autogamy

  2. Cytogamy

  3. Endomixis

  4. Amphimixis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenogenesis is the production of an embryo from a female gamete without any genetic contribution from a male gamete, with or without the eventual development into an adult. It corresponds to endomixis since the nuclear reorganization leads to the formation of macronucleus which also results in rejuvenation of the organism.

So, the correct option is 'Endomixis'.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Whiptail lizard show

  1. Periodic parthenogenesis

  2. Paedogenic parthenogenesis

  3. Obligatory parthenogenesis

  4. Incomplete parthenogenesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryo occur without fertilisation. The offspring arise from a single organism and inherits the genes of that parent only, it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

There are mainly two types of parthenogenesis: facultative and obligatory. 
In facultative parthenogenesis, there is switching between sexual reproduction and parthenogenesis.
In obligatory parthenogenesis organisms exclusively reproduce through asexual means. Whiptail lizards are unisex reptiles which reproduce only asexually. A female will produce an ovum with a full set of genes provided solely by the mother. Thus, a male is not needed to provide sperm to fertilise the egg. This type of asexual reproduction is a serious threat to biodiversity due to lack of gene variation and decreased the fitness of offspring.
Incomplete or periodic parthenogenesis are same as facultative parthenogenesis where sexual reproduction alternates with parthenogenesis. For e.g., in bees and wasps, some eggs develop without fertilisation and produce females and those eggs that are fertilised develop into males.
Paedogenic parthenogenesis is found in Gallfly, where larva may lay eggs which develop parthenogenetically into the new generation of larvae.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Parthenogenesis is formation of

  1. Embryo without fertilization

  2. Embryo from pollen sac

  3. Sporophytic plantlet from gametophyte

  4. Fruit without fertilization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilised egg or if a spermatozoon does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei. It is a mode of asexual reproduction. On the basis of division, it is of two types apomictic parthenogenesis and automictic parthenogenesis.
In apomictic parthenogenesis, the mature egg cells are produced by mitotic divisions, and these cells directly develop into embryos. The offsprings produced are full clones of the mother.
In automictic parthenogenesis, the mother cell undergoes meiosis and produces haploid offspring which are the half clone of the mother cell.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Parthenogenesis is the development of fruit

  1. With viable seeds after fertilization

  2. With viable seeds after pollination

  3. With viable seeds without fertilisation

  4. Without seeds after pollination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryo occur without fertilisation. It can occur without meiosis  i.e., division to form haploid cells. Mature egg cells are formed by the mitotic division of ovary or somatic cells and these cells directly develop into embryos. In flowering plants, cells of gametophyte can undergo this process. The seeds thus formed are viable and produce exact replica or clone of their mother.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Thelytoky, a type of parthenogenesis, occurs in

  1. Aphids

  2. Typhlina

  3. Honey Bee

  4. Wasp
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The type of parthenogenesis in which females are produced from unfertilized eggs is known as thelytoky. The daughter cells produced are diploid in nature. It mainly occurs in aphids. It is mainly of two types, apomictic and automictic. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

The term parthenogenesis was introduced by

  1. Charles Bonnet

  2. Karl von Baer

  3. Spallanzani

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Charles Bonnet was first to introduce the term parthenogenesis. He studied the process of parthenogenesis in aphids. He kept the female aphids unfertilized in isolation and observed the development of the viable embryo from the unfertilized female eggs. 

Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg or if a spermatozoa does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei.
So, the correct answer is option A.