Tag: zoology

Quizzes (289) Questions (5869)

Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Maturation of proinsulin into insulin takes place after

  1. Joining of c-peptide

  2. Removal of c-peptide

  3. Removal of disulphide bridge

  4. Addition of disulphide bridge
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Proinsulin is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain that must undergo post-translational processing, specifically the removal of the C-peptide, to become mature, active insulin.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Recombinant DNA bearing ampicillin resistance gene is passed in E. coli. The latter are spread on agar plates containing ampicillin. Then

  1. Both transformed and untransformed cells die

  2. Both transformed and untransformed cells grow

  3. Transformed recipient cells grow and untransformed cells die

  4. Transformed recipient cells die and untransformed cells grow
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The ampicillin resistance gene acts as a selectable marker. Only cells that have taken up the recombinant plasmid (transformed cells) will survive and grow on the agar plates containing ampicillin, while untransformed cells will be killed.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Escherichia coli having plasmids for production of human insulin is cultured in medium containing __________.

  1. Glucose

  2. Maltose

  3. Lactose

  4. Sucrose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the production of human insulin using E. coli, the insulin gene is typically placed under the control of the lac promoter. Lactose (or its analog IPTG) is added to the culture medium to induce the expression of the gene.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Some of the steps involved in the production of humulin are given below. Choose the correct sequence
(i)   Synthesis of insulin gene artificially
(ii)  Culturing recombinant E. coli in bioreactors
(iii) Purification of humulin
(iv) Insertion of human insulin gene into a plasmid
(v)  Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E.coli
(vi) Extraction of a recombinant gene product from E. coli

  1. ii, i, iv, iii, v, vi

  2. i, iv, v, ii, vi, iii

  3. i, iii, v, vi, ii, iv

  4. iii, v, ii, i, vi, iv
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct sequence starts with synthesizing the gene (i), inserting it into a plasmid (iv), introducing the plasmid into E. coli (v), culturing the bacteria (ii), extracting the product (vi), and finally purifying the protein (iii).

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

In the technique of recombinant insulin production, the genes for $\alpha$- and $\beta$ - polypeptides were inserted into the plasmid by the side of __________.

  1. Antibiotic resistance gene

  2. Lac Z promoter gene
  3. $\beta$-galactosidase gene

  4. Ori
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In early recombinant insulin production, the insulin polypeptide genes were fused to the beta-galactosidase gene (lacZ) to ensure stable expression and to produce a fusion protein.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Human insulin is being commercially produced from transgenic species of _____________.

  1. E. coli

  2. Brassica napus

  3. Bacillus thuringiensis

  4. Agrobacterium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Human insulin is produced from genetically engineered E.coli. By using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, insulin-producing genes from human beings have been transferred into E.coli. bacteria, which produced insulin called 'humulin' for clinical use. This type of insulin was produced commercially by an American pharmaceutical firm Eli Lily on 5th July, 1983.


So, the correct answer is 'E.coli'.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Identify the wrong statement with reference to the structure of human insulin :

  1. Insulin is synthesised as a pre-hormone which contains an extra stretch called C-peptide

  2. A and B chains are combined by disulphide bonds to form humulin

  3. Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains

  4. In these, chain A is made up of 30 amino acids and chain B is made up of 21 amino acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Human insulin consists of 51 amino acids, but the distribution is 21 amino acids in chain A and 30 amino acids in chain B. The option stating 30 in A and 21 in B is incorrect.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

What is the advantage of clinical use of humulin over use of conventional ox or pig insulin __________________.

  1. It does not cause immunological problems

  2. It is cheaper for the patient

  3. It is produced by E. coli in our intestine

  4. There is no advantage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Conventional insulin derived from animals often caused allergic reactions in patients due to slight differences in protein structure. Humulin, being identical to human insulin, avoids these immunological complications.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Find out the wrong statement :

  1. Human protein used to treat emphysema is $\alpha$-1-antitrypsin.

  2. Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

  3. Rosie, the first transgenic cow produced human protein enriched milk.

  4. Cry Ab endotoxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis is effective against corn borers.

  5. Genetically modified bacterium used as biopesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Human insulin is produced using genetically modified E. coli, not Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Agrobacterium is primarily used for plant genetic engineering.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

Which of the following companies started selling $Humulin$  in the year 1983?

  1. Ell Lilly

  2. Genetech

  3. GEAC

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In 1983, Eli Lilly an American company, first prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chains of human insulin and introduced them in plasmids of Escherichia coil to produce insulin and chains. Chains A and B were produced separately, extracted and combined by creating disulphide bonds to form human insulin (humulin).