Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

State if the following statements are True or False. Correct the False statement.


1. Photosynthesis and respiration take place all the time in plants.
2. For respiration, sunlight and chlorophyll are needed.
3. In old stems, gaseous exchange takes place through the stomata.
4. Photosynthesis occurs only in chlorophyll-containing plants.
5. Respiration which requires oxygen is known as anaerobic respiration.
6. Aerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen.

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Correct statements
1. Photosynthesis and respiration take place all the time in plants.
2. For respiration, sunlight and chlorophyll are needed.
3. In stem and plants, gaseous exchange take place through the stomata.
4. Photosynthesis occurs only in chlorophyll containing plants.
5. Respiration which requires oxygen is known as Aerobic respiration.
6. Anarobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen.

Which of the following is a direct oxidation pathway performed without glycolysis cycle?

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. HMP pathway

  2. TCA

  3. Both of  A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The HMP pathway or pentose phosphate pathway that produces 5 carbon compound and NADPH in the form of energy. Additionally, these pathways can operate in the anabolic direction to transform glycolytic intermediates into other compounds. So, HMP pathway is a  direct oxidation pathway performed without glycolysis cycle. HMP shunt produces some glycolytic intermediated like glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate that can directly involve in the glycolysis pathway or EMP. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

In what condition hydrolysis of complex organic compounds take place?

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Normal conditions

  2. Aerobic Conditions

  3. Anaerobic conditions

  4. Extreme Conditions

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Which of the following statements is true about the process shown in the given box? 
[Food + Oxygen $\rightarrow$ Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy]

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. It is caused by the decay of organic substances.

  2. It is an important process in the nitrogen cycle.

  3. It is an essential process of aerobic respiration in living organisms.

  4. It Is carried out only by green plants and certain type of bacteria.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Respiration is the process in which the food substrate is broken down to produce energy-rich molecules. In the aerobic respiration, the respiration is carried out in the presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide with water are released as products. This is an essential process in all the living organisms for the production of ATP. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Aerobic and anaerobic respirations differ from each other in all aspects except............

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Involvement of oxygen

  2. Out put of energy

  3. End products

  4. Breakdown of glucose in cytoplasm

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration is the breakdown of energy in absence of oxygen.

The energy released in aerobic respiration is higher as glucose is completely broken into CO₂ and H₂O. Whereas, in anaerobic respiration partial breakdown of glucose takes place and energy output is low.
Glycolysis, that converts glucose to pyruvic acid is the only common pathway that occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm.
So, the correct option is 'Breakdown of glucose in cytoplasm'

The product obtained in the anaerobic respiration of yeast is 

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Lactic acid

  2. Pyruvic acid

  3. Ethanol

  4. Acetic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The following reaction is of anaerobic respiration in yeast-      
                     zymase
 C₆H₁₂O₆  -------------------->  C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂  +  50KJ energy
                        yeast

Here, the ethanol is a by-product of anaerobic respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Common phase between aerobic and anaerobic modes of respiration is

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Krebs cycle

  2. EMP/glycolysis

  3. Oxidative phosphorylation

  4. Pentose phosphate pathway

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Aerobic respiration is a type of respiration in which the breakdown of organic compounds takes place with the presence of oxygen and release a large amount of energy in the form of ATP.

In anaerobic respiration, the partial breakdown of organic compound takes place without using oxygen and release only a fraction of energy. The first breakdown of glucose takes place through glycolysis which is the common pathway between the aerobic and anaerobic respiration and it takes place in the cytoplasm.
So, the correct option is 'EMP/Glycolysis'

End products of aerobic respiration are

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Sugar and oxygen

  2. Water and energy

  3. Carbon dioxide, water and energy

  4. Carbon dioxide and energy

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Aerobic respiration is the complete oxidation of sugars in presence of oxygen.

The carbohydrates are broken down into CO₂ and H₂O and this releases energy. This energy is stored in the form of ATP and later used in the body.
So, the correct option is 'Carbon dioxide, water, and energy'

General formula for aerobic respiration is

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. 6CO$ _2$ + 6H$ _2$O $\rightarrow$  C$ _6$H$ _{12}$O$ _6$ + 6O$ _2$

  2. C$ _6$H$ _{12}$O$ _6$ + 6O$ _2$ $\rightarrow$ 6CO$ _2$ + 6H$ _2$O + 686 kcal

  3. C$ _6$H$ _{12}$O$ _6$ $\rightarrow$ 2C$ _2$H$ _5$OH + 2CO$ _2$ + 2ATP

  4. C$ _6$H$ _{12}$O$ _6$ $\rightarrow$  2C$ _3$H$ _6$O$ _3$+2 ATP

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and it takes place in mitochondria and produces carbon dioxide, water and 686 kilo calories of energy.

So the correct option is '

C$ _6$H$ _12$O$ _6$ + 6O$ _2$ → 6CO$ _2$ + 6H$ _2$O + 686 kcal.'

Products of anaerobic respiration are

zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

  1. Ethyl alcohol and carbon monoxide

  2. Ethyl alcohol and lactic acid

  3. Lactic acid and glycogen

  4. Acetic acid and carbon dioxide

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and is less efficient than aerobic respiration. Unlike aerobic respiration, the end products here are ethyl alcohol as in alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid as in animal cells. So the answer is 'Ethyl alcohol and lactic acid'.