Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Bacteria involved in two-step conversion ammonia into nitrate are

zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. Azotobacter and Nitrosomonas

  2. Pseudomonas and Nitrobacter

  3. Azotobacter and Achromobacter

  4. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nitrification is a process of conversion of ammonium ions to nitrites and nitrites to nitrates. It is a two-step process. The bacteria that carry out this process are called as nitrifying bacteria. Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira, Nitrosococcus convert ammonia into nitrites. Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, Nitrococcus convert nitrites into nitrates.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.' 

Which of the following is a symbiotic nitrogen fixer?

zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. Frankia

  2. Anabaena azollae

  3. Glomus

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Which gene cluster is responsible for nitrogen fixation in bacteria?

zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. Nod, Nif, Nfx

  2. Nod, Nif, Fix

  3. Nod, Ndf, Nfx

  4. Ndx, Nif, Fix

  5. Ndx, Nif, nix

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Nitrogen fixation is a process by which nitrogen present in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia. It is essential to life because fixed inorganic nitrogen compounds are required for the biosynthesis of all nitrogen-containing compounds. This process is done with the help of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that have Nod, Nif and Fix gene clusters responsible for nitrogen fixation.
So the correct answer is 'Nod, Nif, Fix'.

Match the columns and choose the correct option.

I II
(a) Free-living aerobic nitrogen fixers 1. Anabaena and Nostoc
(b) Anaerobic nitrogen fixers 2. Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus
(c) Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria 3. Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus
(d) Denitrifying bacteria 4. Azotobacter and Beijerinckia
(e) Nitrifying bacteria 5. Rhodospirillum
zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. a - 4, b - 5, c - 1, d - 2, e - 3 

  2. a - 5, b - 4, c - 1, d - 3, e - 2

  3. a - 4, b - 5, c - 2, d - 3, e - 1

  4. a - 4, b - 3, c - 1, d - 2, e - 5

  5. a - 4, b - 5, c - 3, d - 2, e - 1

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
a) Free-living aerobic nitrogen fixers - Azotobacter and Beijernikia
b) Anaerobic nitrogen fixers - Rhodospirillum
c) Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria - Anabaena and Nostoc
d) Denitrifying bacteria - Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus
e) Nitrifying bacteria - Nitrosomonas and Nitosococcus
So the correct answer is 'a-4, b-5, c-1, d-2, e-3'

Which one helps in absorption of phosphorus from soil by plants?

zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. Frankia

  2. Anabaena

  3. Glomus

  4. Rhizobium

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Frankia, Anabaena and Rhizobium are nitrogen-fixing bacteria that absorbs nitrogen from the soil. Glomus is a myccorhizal fungi. The fungal symbiont in these associations absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to the plant.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C). 

Which of the following is the function of nitrifying bacteria?

zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

  1. Oxidise $NH _3$ to $NO^- _3$

  2. Oxidise $NH _3$ to $NH^+ _4$

  3. Convert $NO^- _3$ to $NH _3$

  4. Convert $NO^- _3$ to $N _2$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Nitrifying bacteria is an aerobic bacteria that use inorganic chemicals as an energy source. They are important in the nitrogen cycle as converters of soil ammonia to nitrates by the process of oxidation.
So the correct answer is 'oxidise NH$ _3$ to NO$ _3$-'.

Humulin is _________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Carbohydrate

  2. Fat

  3. Hybridomas

  4. Protein

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Insulin has 51 amino acids arranged in

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Single polypeptide

  2. Two polypeptides of 21 and 30 amino acids

  3. Two polypeptides of 25 and 26 amino acids

  4. Three polypeptides having 15, 16 and 20 amino acids

Show answer
Correct Option: B

After removal of signal peptide, the secretory protein involved in formation of insulin is known as

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Preinsulin

  2. Proinsulin

  3. Postinsulin

  4. Prepinsulin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The insulin mRNA is translated as a single chain precursor called preproinsulin, and removal of its signal peptide during insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum generates proinsulin. Insulin and free C peptide are packaged in the Golgi into secretory granules which accumulate in the cytoplasm.

So, the correct answer is 'Proinsulin.'

Assertion: Humilin synthesizes in the form of proinsulin.

Reason: C - peptide is not seen in mature insulin.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. A and R both are correct. Where R is explanation of A

  2. A and R both are correct. Where R is not explanation of A

  3. A is correct white R is correct

  4. A is incorrect white R is correct

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Insulin in human body is synthesized in the form of proinsulin . Proinsulin is a molecule which has 24 amino acids , B-chain peptide , C-chain peptide and A-chain peptide . The C-chain peptide of precursor insulin molecule has two amino acids . In mature insulin the C-chain peptide is cleaved off which results in the joining of A-chain peptide and B-chain peptide and form its active form. 

So the correct answer is ' A and R both are correct . Where R is the explanation of A ' .