Tag: history

Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak founded Kesari (meaning 'Lion') in 1881 as a Marathi-language newspaper to advocate for Indian rights and promote nationalist ideas. He also started 'The Maratha' in English. Kesari became a powerful voice in the freedom struggle, regularly challenging British policies and mobilizing public opinion against colonial rule.

India has three national holidays: Republic Day (January 26), Independence Day (August 15), and Gandhi Jayanti (October 2). These are the only holidays celebrated as national holidays across the entire country. Republic Day marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950.

The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, during the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay. This mass movement demanded an end to British rule immediately. The Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Non-Cooperation Movement (1920) were earlier movements led by Gandhi.

Lokmanya Tilak started 'Kesari' (Marathi) in 1881 and 'Maratha' (English) in 1881 to promote the nationalist cause. These newspapers served as powerful mouthpieces for Indian voices during the freedom struggle. Ghadar was started by Lala Har Dayal, Swadesamitran was a Tamil newspaper, and Free Hindustan was published in North America.

Annie Besant (along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak) founded the Home Rule League in 1916 to demand self-rule for India. This movement aimed to educate people about self-governance and build national unity. The leagues were active during World War I and helped mobilize public opinion.

Lal, Bal, Pal refers to Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal - three prominent nationalist leaders of the early 20th century. Lala Lajpat Rai was known as 'Lion of Punjab' and was a key figure in the freedom struggle. The trio advocated for Swadeshi and boycotted British goods.

Allen Octavian Hume (A.O. Hume), a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885. He believed that a political platform would help channel Indian discontent and prevent another revolt. Lord Lytton was Viceroy during 1876-80, Cripps came in 1942, and Clive was from the 18th century.

Subhash Chandra Bose founded the Indian National Army (INA) or Azad Hind Fauj in 1942-43 with Japanese support. He aimed to liberate India militarily and gave the slogan 'Give me blood, and I will give you freedom.' INA fought alongside Japanese forces in Imphal and Kohima.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, as Chairman of the Drafting Committee, was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. He is rightly called the 'Father of the Indian Constitution' for his role in shaping its fundamental principles of equality, justice, and fraternity. Nehru was the first Prime Minister and moved the Objectives Resolution.

The Constitution of India was adopted on November 26, 1949, but came into force on January 26, 1950. This date was chosen because it was Republic Day, celebrating when India became a sovereign republic. India gained independence on August 15, 1947, but remained a Dominion until 1950.