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Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

DNA polymerase required for synthesizing copies of DNA at high temperature is obtained from

  1. Thermus aquaticus

  2. Cephalosporium minimum

  3. Bacillus megaterium

  4. Thermoproteus species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Thermus aquaticus is a thermophilic bacteria which survives at high temperatures. Thus it's DNA polymerase is evolved to synthesize DNA at high temperature. This DNA polymerase is commercially available as "Taq polymerase" and is used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

B. Cephalosporium minimum is a plant pathogen and are producers of antibiotic cephalosporin.
C. Bacillus megaterium is a soil bacteria whose DNA polymerase is not thermo resistant. Hence it cannot synthesize DNA at high temperatures.
D. Thermoproteus species are sulphur utilizing hyperthermophiles which grow is acidic hot springs. Such bacteria are difficult to grow in lab conditions. Although its DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA at high temperatures, due to inability to grow in lab conditions, its DNA polymerase cannot be obtained.
Hence the correct answer is 'Thermus aquaticus'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Which of the following techniques is used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately?

  1. Translation

  2. Transcription

  3. Polymerase chain reaction

  4. Ligase chain reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For making numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA three steps are required

1.Denaturing
2.Annealing
3.Extending
Which is called a polymerase reaction.
So, the correct option is 'Polymerase chain reaction'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option:
(A) Source of the restriction enzyme Hind III is E.coli
(B) In biolistic method of gene transfer, mircoparticles made up of gold or tungsten are coated with foreign DNA
(C) Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used for animal cell
(D) Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA in PCR.
How many of the above statement are correct?

  1. Four

  2. Three

  3. Two

  4. One
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A)

Restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonuclease, is a protein that cuts DNA after recognizing a specific sequence of DNA. Hind III is a type  II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the DNA via hydrolysis.

B)

In the bolistic method of gene transfer, a gene gun is used to transfer exogenous or foreign DNA  in the cell. A droplet of tungsten powder and genetic material is a bullet. Gold is favored at the place of tungsten as it has better uniformity than tungsten and tungsten can be toxic to cells.

C) 
Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used to produce transgenic mice. Harvested oocytes of the mouse are injected with the genetic material and then implanted in the oviduct of a pseudopregnant animal.

D)
A primer is a short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.In vitro lab techniques that use DNA polymerase, DNA. primers are used. They are usually short, chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, with a length of about twenty bases.
Therefore A, B, and D are correct statements. Answer is B.

Multiple choice biology option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure

Use of transgenic plants as biological factories for the production of special chemicals is called as

  1. Molecular farming

  2. Molecular genetics

  3. Molecular mapping

  4. Dry farming
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Molecular genetics is the study of structure and function of gene and regulation of its expression. It includes isolation and characterization of genes and identification of regulatory sequences. 
Molecular farming is transfer of genes of industrial importance to plants and animals for production of chemicals, for example production of transgenic animals for increased milk production. 
Molecular mapping is identification of loci of genes and their relative distance on chromosomes; DNA finger printing and genomic imprinting are most common techniques used for the purpose. 
Dry farming refers to crop production without irrigation, i.e., under limited moisture conditions; it is practiced for dry lands where water availability is low. 
Multiple choice biology option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure

Desired genes have been introduced into transgenic animals to obtain large-scale production of useful biological products encoded by these genes. This approach is generally referred to as _____________.

  1. Hybridoma technology

  2. Molecular farming

  3. Gene therapyx

  4. Downstream processing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Molecular farming refers to the use of transgenic plants or animals as bioreactors to produce useful biological products, such as proteins or pharmaceuticals.

Multiple choice biology option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure

A set of genes of cDNA is immobilized on a glass slide and used in transcriptome studies is called 

  1. Proteome

  2. Microarray

  3. DNA chip

  4. Genome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The transcriptome is the sum of all of its RNA transcripts. The information content of an organism is recorded in the DNA of its genome and expressed through transcription. A microarray is a laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time. DNA microarray is microscopic glass slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions with each spot containing a known cDNA. The cDNA is made immobilized on a glass slide.

So, the correct answer is 'Microarray'.

Multiple choice biology option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure

A probe which is a molecule used to locate specific sequences in a mixture of DNA or RNA molecules could be __________________.

  1. A single stranded RNA

  2. A single stranded DNA

  3. Either RNA or DNA

  4. Can be ssDNA but not ssRNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The molecular probes are usually single-stranded places of DNA (sometimes RNAs) labeled with radioisotopes such as phosphorus- 32. Molecular probes are available for many genetic disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction common modes of vegetative propagation biotechnological regulations pcr

Vegetative reproduction is most favourable with which part of plant.

  1. Stem

  2. Root

  3. Leaves

  4. Patra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • A stem can easily be cut out and planted at a different location for growing a new plant.
  • Steam is most easy to manage among the given parts of the plant.

So, the correct answer is 'Stem'.