Tag: nitrogen and sulfur

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Questions Related to nitrogen and sulfur

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which reaction of ammonia forms the first step of Ostwald's process?

  1. The catalytic oxidation of ammonia by platinum catalyst

  2. The catalytic oxidation of ammonia by cobalt catalyst

  3. The catalytic reduction of ammonia by platinum catalyst

  4. The oxidation of ammonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first step of Ostwald's process is the catalytic oxidation of ammonia by platinum catalyst for the formation of nitric acid.

$NH _3+O _2 \xrightarrow {Pt} NO+ H _2O$

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

$N _2(g) + 3H _2(g)\overset{Fe+Mo}{\rightleftharpoons}2NH _3(g)$; Haber's process.

Mo is used as :

  1. a catalyst

  2. a catalytic promoter

  3. an oxidising agent

  4. a catalytic poison
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$NH _3$ is manufactured by Haber's process.
$N _2(g) + 3H _2(g)\overset{Fe+Mb}{\rightleftharpoons}2NH _3(g)$
In this process, pure nitrogen and hydrogen gases react in the ratio of $1:3$ by volume in $400^0C-500^0C$ temperature, $200-900$ atm pressure in presence of iron as catalyst and Mo as promoter.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

 In commercial industry, ammonia is prepared by :

  1. decomposition of salts

  2. contact process

  3. arc process

  4. combining hydrogen and nitrogen gases (Haber process)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 In commercial industry, ammonia is prepared by combining hydrogen and nitrogen gases (Haber process).
$N _2 + 3H _2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH _3+24\ kcal$

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

What are the missing products of the following reaction? $\displaystyle { NH } _{ 4 }Cl+{ Ca\left( OH \right)  } _{ 2 }\rightarrow \ _ \ _ \ _ +Ca{ Cl } _{ 2 }$

  1. $\displaystyle { N } _{ 2 }$
  2. $\displaystyle { NH } _{ 3 }$
  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O$
  4. $\displaystyle { NH } _{ 3 }+{ N } _{ 2 }$
  5. $\displaystyle { NH } _{ 3 }+{ H } _{ 2 }O$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Calcium hydroxide reacts with ammonium chloride to give ammonia, water and calcuim chloride.

${ 2NH } _{ 4 }Cl+Ca{ (OH) } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { 2NH } _{ 3 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O+{ CaCl } _{ 2 }$

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Pressure is increased in the Haber process for making ammonia. It favors :

  1. the reverse reaction

  2. the forward reaction

  3. neither reaction

  4. none
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pressure is increased in the Haber process for making ammonia. It favors the forward reaction.
$\displaystyle N _2 + 3H _2 \rightarrow 2NH _3$
The reaction proceeds with decrease in the number of moles of gaseous species. With increase in pressure, the equilibrium shifts in forward direction with decrease in the number of moles of gaseous species so that, the effect of increased pressure is nullified.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which compounds is related to Haber's process:

  1. $CO _2$
  2. $H _2$
  3. $NO _2$
  4. $NH _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Haber's process is used to synthesize ammonia ($NH _3$) from nitrogen and hydrogen gases using in 1:3 ratio and $Fe,Mo$ is used as catalyst and promoter respectively.
$N _2+3H _2\xrightarrow[Fe]{Mo}2NH _3$
Hence option D is correct

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

In the Haber process of synthesis of $NH _3$,  which of the following statement is correct?

  1. $Mo$ acts as a catalyst and $Fe$ as a promoter
  2. $Fe$ acts as a catalyst and $Mo$ as a promoter
  3. $Fe$ acts as inhibitor and $Mo$ as a catalyst
  4. $Fe$ acts as promoter and $Mo$ as autocatalyst
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Preparation of Ammonia: 

$N _2 + 3H _2\rightarrow 2NH _3$

At high pressure about 200-250 atm, and a moderate temperature of $750K$, the reaction takes place. Removal of ammonia is done by liquefaction, In the process, iron is used as a catalyst and molybdenum as a promoter.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Formation of ammonia will be favorable in the following cases(s):
$N _2(g)\,+\,3H _2(g)\rightarrow2NH _3(g)$      $\Delta H\,<\,0$

  1. Addition of inert gas at constant volume

  2. Decreasing the volume of the container

  3. Addition of inert gas at constant pressure

  4. Increasing the pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • In accordance with Le Chatelier’s principle, high pressure would favour the formation of ammonia. The optimum conditions for the production of ammonia are a pressure of 200 × 105 Pa (about 200 atm), a temperature of ~ 700 K and the use of a catalyst such as iron oxide with small amounts of $K _2O$ and $Al _2O _3$ to increase the rate of attainment of equilibrium.
  • Addition of an inert gas at constant volume: When an inert gas is added to the system in equilibrium at constant volume, the total pressure will increase. But the concentrations of the products and reactants (i.e. ratio of their moles to the volume of the container) will not change.
  • Hence, option A is correct answer as addition of ideal gas increases pressure and thus favours formation of Ammonia.