Tag: nitrogen and sulfur

Questions Related to nitrogen and sulfur

A solution of colorless salt H on boiling with excess NaOH produces a non-flammable gas. The gas evolution ceases after sometime upon addition of Zn dust to the same solution, the gas evolution restarts. The colourless salt(s) H is(are) :

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. $NH _4NO _3$

  2. $NH _4NO _2$

  3. $NH _4Cl$

  4. $(NH _4) _2SO _4$

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:
Option (A), (B) are correct.
The colorless salt H is either $NH _4NO _3$ or $NH _4NO _2$. The colorless salt produces $NH _3$ gas (non-inflammable) on boiling with excess of $NaOH$. On addition of zinc dust (a reducing agent) to this solution, sodium nitrite or sodium nitrate will liberate $NH _3$ gas again.
 
$NH _4NO _3+ NaOH \longrightarrow NH _3+NaNO _3+H _2O$
$7NaOH+NaNO _3+4Zn\longrightarrow 4Na _2ZnO _2+NH _3+2H _2O$

$NH _4NO _2+NaOH \longrightarrow NaNO _2+NH _3+H _2O$
$3Zn+5NaOH+NaNO _2 \longrightarrow 3Na _2ZnO _2+NH _3$

Hydride of nitrogen is called :

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. Hydrogen sulphide

  2. Water

  3. Ammonia

  4. Nitrous oxide

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Hydride of nitrogen is the binary compound formed by the combination of hydrogen and nitrogen .
The hydride formed with nitrogen is ammonia ($NH _3$).
Hence option C is correct.

In Haber process 30 litres of dihydrogen and 30 litres of dinitrogen were taken for reaction which yielded only 50% of the expected product. What will be the composition of gaseous mixture under the aforesaid condition in the end?

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. 20 litres ammonia. 20 litres nitrogen, 20 litres hydrogen

  2. 10 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen

  3. 20 litres ammonia, 10 litres nitrogen, 30 litres hydrogen

  4. 20 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen

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Correct Option: B

In Haber process $30L$ of Dihydrogen and $30L$ of dinitrogen were taken for reaction which yielded only $50\% $of the expected product . what will be the composition of gaseous mixture under the aforesaid condition in the end?  

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. $20L$ ammonia $10L$ nitrogen , $30L$ hydrogen

  2. $20L$ ammonia , $125L$ nitrogen , $25L$ ydrogen

  3. $20L$ ammonia , $20L$ nitrogen , $20L$hydrogen

  4. $10L$ ammonia , $25L$nitrogen , $15L$ hydrogen

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Correct Option: D

Which of the following when dissolved in water will liberate ammonia ?

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ${Na NO _3}$

  2. ${Na NO _2}$

  3. ${Na NH _2}$

  4. ${Na _3N}$

Show answer
Correct Option: C,D
Explanation:

Reactions:
$Na _3N+ 3H _2O \rightarrow 3NaOH + NH _3$
$H _2O+NaNO _3\rightarrow H _2O+NaOH+NO$
$NaNH _2+H _2O(hot) \rightarrow NaOH + NH _3$
$NaNO _2 + H _2O \rightarrow HNO _2 + NaOH$

Industrially, ammonia is obtained by direct combination between nitrogen and hydrogen. The formation of ammonia is promoted at:

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. 1000 atm

  2. 200 atm

  3. 25 atm

  4. 1 atm

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ammonia is prepared industrially by Haber's process.

In this process, dinitrogen directly reacts with Dihydrogen in $1:3$ in presence of iron catalyst with promoters as oxides of potassium or aluminium.
The physical conditions required for this process are $200-300$ atm pressure and $400-450^0C$ temperature.

How is ammonia collected?

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. Ammonia is less dense than air so it is collected by upward delivery.

  2. Ammonia is more dense than air so it is collected by upward delivery.

  3. Ammonia is more dense than air so it is collected by downward delivery.

  4. None of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ammonia is less dense than air so it is collected by upward delivery or gas syringe method.
In upward delivery method a gas jar is connected by a tube to flask that is giving off gas. The gas that is less dense than air rises to the top of gas jar. The air in the gas jar is displaced until the gas jar is filled with collected gas. Ammonia is very soluble gas so the collection apparatus should be dry and not collected over water.

Write the balanced equation for the preparation of $NH _3$ from ammonium chloride and calcium hydroxide.

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ${ 4NH } _{ 4 }Cl+Ca\left( OH \right) _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }+2{ CaCl } _{ 2 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O$

  2. ${ 2NH } _{ 4 }Cl+2Ca\left( OH \right) _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }+2{ CaCl } _{ 2 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O$

  3. ${ 2NH } _{ 4 }Cl+Ca\left( OH \right) _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }+{ CaCl } _{ 2 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O$

  4. ${ NH } _{ 4 }Cl+Ca\left( OH \right) _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NH } _{ 3 }+{ CaCl } _{ 2 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

${ 2NH } _{ 4 }Cl+Ca\left( OH \right) _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }+{ CaCl } _{ 2 }+{ 2H } _{ 2 }O$

Warming ammonium sulphate with sodium hydroxide solution gives :

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ammonia

  2. chlorine

  3. nitrogen

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$(NH _4) _2SO _4 + 2NaOH \rightarrow Na _2SO _4 + 2H _2O + 2NH _3$

Heating ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide produces :

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ammonia

  2. nitrogen

  3. chlorine

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$NH _4Cl + NaOH \rightarrow H _2O + NH _3 + NaCl $