Tag: nitrogen and sulfur

Questions Related to nitrogen and sulfur

Ammonia is dried over :

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. Quick lime

  2. Slaked lime

  3. Phosphorus pentoxide

  4. Con. $\mathrm{H} _{2}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O} _{4}$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ammonia is dried by passing it over quick lime because it is a basic gas. Ammonia cannot be dried by conc. sulphuric acid or phosphorus pentaoxide as they will form ammonium sulphate or ammonium phosphate with it.

An element X combines with hydrogen to form a compound $NH _3$. The element X is placed on the right side of the periodic table. What is true about the element X?
(a) Has $3$ valence electrons
(b) Is a metal and is solid
(c) Is a non-metal and is a gas
(d) Has $5$ valence electrons
(e) $NH _3$ reacts with water to form a basic compound.

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. (a), (b) and (c)

  2. (b), (c) and (d)

  3. (c), (d) and (e)

  4. (e), (a) and (b)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

X is N because it is placed on the right side of the periodic table & compound is $NH _3$. X is a non metal and valence electrons are $5$ & $NH _3+H _2O\rightarrow NH _4OH$(Base)

Ammonia can be collected by displacement of

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. Water

  2. $Conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$

  3. Brine

  4. Mercury

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ammonia is an extremely soluble gas and cannot be collected by displacement of water or acid. It can only be collected over a liquid in which it does not dissolve. 

One such liquid is mercury because it does not react with ammonia and it can be easily collected by displacement of the metal as it is liquid at room temperature. 

Which of the following compounds do not give ammonia on reaction with water?

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ${ Mg } _{ 3 }{ N } _{ 2 }$

  2. $AlN$

  3. $CaC{ N } _{ 2 }$

  4. $Ca{ \left( CN \right) } _{ 2 }$

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Correct Option: D

Urea is prepared by the chemical reaction of:

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. acetamide and ethyl alcochol

  2. ammonium sulphate and calcium chloride

  3. ammonia and Carbon dioxide

  4. chlorine and water

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The chemical formula of urea is $H _2N-CO-NH _2$
Urea is now prepared commercially in vast amounts from liquid ammonia and liquid carbon dioxide.

For the manufacture of ammonia by the reaction$N _{2}+3H _{2} \rightleftharpoons 2NH _{3}+21.9\ K cal$, the favorable conditions are:

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. low temperature, low pressure & catalyst

  2. low temperature, high pressure & catalyst

  3. high temperature, low pressure & catalyst

  4. low temperature, high pressure 

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The equation representing habers process of ${ NH } _{ 3 }$

synthesis is-${ N } _{ 2 }(g)+{ 3H } _{ 2 }(g)\rightleftharpoons { 2NH } _{ 3 }(g)\ $
pressure: 150-200 atm
temperature : $450℃-500℃$
catalyst : Iron

As per Braun's principle, yield of Ammonia will be more in Haber's process under ______, conditions ($L=$ Low; $H=$ high; $T=$ Temp; $P=$ Pressure)

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. $LT;LP$

  2. $LT;HP$

  3. $HT;HP$

  4. $HT;LP$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The manufacture of $NH _3$ by Haber's process is given as

${ N } _{ 2 }(g)+{ 3H } _{ 2 }(g)\rightleftharpoons { 2NH } _{ 3 }(g)\ \triangle 6H°=-92.4\ $
so, it is an exothermic reversible reaction and occurs with decrease in volume.
so, the low temperature will favour the forward reaction which is exothermic in nature
and since the reaction occurs with a decrease in volume .so, high pressure will favour the formation of of$NH _3$.

$NH _3$ is formed in the following steps
I. $Ca+2C\rightarrow CaC _2$    50% yield
II. $CaC _2+N _2\rightarrow CaCN _2+C$   100% yield
III. $CaCN _2+3H _2O\rightarrow 2NH _3+CaCO _3$        50% yield
To obtain 2 moles $NH _3$, calcium required is:

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. 1 mol

  2. 2 mol

  3. 3 mol

  4. 4 mol

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It can be easily observed from the reaction given that 1mole of Ca is required to get 2 moles of $NH _3$

An alkyl halide reacts with alcoholic ammonia in a sealed tube, the product formed will be

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. a primary amine

  2. a secondary amine

  3. a tertiary amine

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

When alkyl halide reacts with ammonia , it gives primary amine .

Reaction doesn't stop there and primary amine further gives secondary amine .
Secondary gives tertiary .
Hence mixture of three is formed .

In which reaction ammonia acts as an acid?

chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

  1. ${NH} _{3}+HCl\rightarrow {NH} _{4}Cl$

  2. ${NH} _{3}+{H}^{+}\rightarrow {NH} _{4}^{+}$

  3. ${NH} _{3}+Na\rightarrow Na{NH} _{2}+\cfrac{1}{2}{H} _{2}$

  4. ${NH} _{3}$ cannot act as an acid

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$NH _3$  is a strong base due to high electron density on nitrogen 

So, it cannot act as an acid .