Tag: preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process

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Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which of the following compounds will not give ammonia on heating?

  1. $(NH _{4}) _{2}SO _{4}$
  2. $(NH _{4}) _{2}CO _{3}$
  3. $NH _{4}NO _{2}$
  4. $NH _{4}Cl$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$NH _4NO _2$  will not give ammonia on heating.It gives $NO _2H _2O$

$NH _4NO _2(s)\rightarrow N _2(g) + 2H _2O(g)$

.

Hence option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which of the following factors would favour the formation of ammonia?

  1. High pressure

  2. Low temperature

  3. High volume

  4. Low pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
According to Le Chatelier's principle, high pressure would favour the formation of $NH _{3}$
$N _{2}$(g) + 3$H _2${g) $\leftrightharpoons$ $NH _{3}$(g)
The optimum conditions for the production of $NH _{3}$ are pressure of 200 x 10$^{5}$ Pa (about 200 atm) and temperature of -700 K.
In the given reaction, the number of moles of reactant is more than the product and according to the ideal gas equation, the pressure is inversely proportional to the number of moles.
Thus, by increasing pressure i.e. at high pressure, the reaction will proceed in a forward direction towards less number of moles. Thus the formation of the ammonia increases.
Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

In the preparation of $HNO _{3}$, we get NO gas by catalytic oxidation of ammonia. The moles of NO produced by the oxidation of two moles of $NH _{3}$ will be :

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 6
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In the preparation of $HNO _{3}$, we get NO gas by catalytic oxidation of ammonia.In the below equation 4 moles of $NH _3$ produced 4 moles of $NO$.So the moles of $NO$ produced by the oxidation of two moles of $NH _{3}$ will be2 moles.
$4NH _3+5O _2\rightarrow 4NO+6H _2O$.
Hence option A is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Ammonia is dried over :

  1. Quick lime

  2. Slaked lime

  3. Phosphorus pentoxide
  4. Con. $\mathrm{H} _{2}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O} _{4}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ammonia is dried by passing it over quick lime because it is a basic gas. Ammonia cannot be dried by conc. sulphuric acid or phosphorus pentaoxide as they will form ammonium sulphate or ammonium phosphate with it.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

An element X combines with hydrogen to form a compound $NH _3$. The element X is placed on the right side of the periodic table. What is true about the element X?
(a) Has $3$ valence electrons
(b) Is a metal and is solid
(c) Is a non-metal and is a gas
(d) Has $5$ valence electrons
(e) $NH _3$ reacts with water to form a basic compound.

  1. (a), (b) and (c)

  2. (b), (c) and (d)

  3. (c), (d) and (e)

  4. (e), (a) and (b)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

X is N because it is placed on the right side of the periodic table & compound is $NH _3$. X is a non metal and valence electrons are $5$ & $NH _3+H _2O\rightarrow NH _4OH$(Base)

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Ammonia can be collected by displacement of

  1. Water
  2. $Conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$

  3. Brine

  4. Mercury
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ammonia is an extremely soluble gas and cannot be collected by displacement of water or acid. It can only be collected over a liquid in which it does not dissolve. 

One such liquid is mercury because it does not react with ammonia and it can be easily collected by displacement of the metal as it is liquid at room temperature. 

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which of the following compounds do not give ammonia on reaction with water?

  1. ${ Mg } _{ 3 }{ N } _{ 2 }$
  2. $AlN$
  3. $CaC{ N } _{ 2 }$
  4. $Ca{ \left( CN \right) } _{ 2 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calcium cyanamide (CaCN2) reacts with water to produce calcium carbonate and ammonia, but calcium cyanide (Ca(CN)2) does not produce ammonia upon hydrolysis; it typically produces hydrogen cyanide.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Urea is prepared by the chemical reaction of:

  1. acetamide and ethyl alcochol

  2. ammonium sulphate and calcium chloride

  3. ammonia and Carbon dioxide

  4. chlorine and water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The chemical formula of urea is $H _2N-CO-NH _2$
Urea is now prepared commercially in vast amounts from liquid ammonia and liquid carbon dioxide.
Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

For the manufacture of ammonia by the reaction$N _{2}+3H _{2} \rightleftharpoons 2NH _{3}+21.9\ K cal$, the favorable conditions are:

  1. low temperature, low pressure & catalyst

  2. low temperature, high pressure & catalyst

  3. high temperature, low pressure & catalyst

  4. low temperature, high pressure

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The equation representing habers process of ${ NH } _{ 3 }$

synthesis is-${ N } _{ 2 }(g)+{ 3H } _{ 2 }(g)\rightleftharpoons { 2NH } _{ 3 }(g)\ $
pressure: 150-200 atm
temperature : $450℃-500℃$
catalyst : Iron