Tag: petrochemicals and polymers

All of the given substances are mixtures of various organic compounds except octane. Because octane is a pure saturated hydrocarbon containing 8 carbon atoms.

Kerosene is a mixture of hydrocarbons. The chemical composition depends on its source of isolation, usually, it consists of about 10 different hydrocarbons, each containing 11 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule. 

The main constituents are saturated straight-chain and branched-chain hydrocarbons which are also called as paraffin, as well as ring-shaped cycloparaffins which are also known as naphthenes. Kerosene is less volatile liquid than gasoline.

Paraffin wax is derived from petroleum,coal that consist of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules between 20-40 carbon atoms. Common applications of paraffin include lubrication,candles,electrical insulation. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ether,alcohol or benzene.

Methanol is the odd one because the rest are fractions of petroleum.

Jet fuel is a clear to straw colored fuel based on either an unleaded kerosene or a naphtha kerosene blend. It is similar to diesel fuel and can be used in either compression ignition engines or turbine engines.

Furnace oil is odd because the rest are various names of petroleum.

In the United States, the petroleum industry began in 1859 when Edwin Drake found oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania.

Refining of petroleum requires the separation of its components into different fractions. The hydrocarbon chains that make up petroleum have the different basic carbon chain (different number of $Cs$ in the parent).
Hence, the statement $I$ is true but statement $II$ is false.

Now a days due to development of different technological processes modern petroleum refineries process as much as 800,000 to 900,000 barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.