Tag: petrochemicals and polymers

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Questions Related to petrochemicals and polymers

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Order the following monomers with respect to their expected reactivity toward cationic polymerization and explain your answer.
$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCH } _{ 3 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CH-{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }$.

  1. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$
  2. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <{ H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$
  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$
  4. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 } <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$\text{reactivity is proportional to tendecy of donating electron by braking double bonds.}$

$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

An example of chain-growth polymer is:

  1. Nylon - $6,6$

  2. Bakelite

  3. Terylene

  4. Teflon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Chain-growth polymerization or chain polymerization is a polymerization technique where unsaturated monomer molecules add onto the active site of a growing polymer chain one at a time. Growth of the polymer occurs only at one (or possibly more) ends. Addition of each monomer unit regenerates the active site.
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and teflon  are common types of plastics made by chain-growth polymerization.

Hence, option D is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

The monomer unit of PVC is:

  1. propene

  2. vinyl chloride

  3. vulcanised rubber

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The monomer unit of PVC is vinyl chloride. The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

The other names of PVC is/are:

  1. polychloroethylene

  2. polyvinylidene chloride

  3. polychlororthene

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

The full form of PVC is:

  1. polyvulcanised chloride

  2. pure vulcanised chlorine

  3. polyvinyl chloride

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Which of the following is added to improve flexibility of PVC?

  1. Rubber

  2. Plasticizers

  3. Ethane

  4. Flexicizers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

With some additives in PVC, the physical and mechanical properties are improved.

Different additives such as plasticizers, fillers, stabilizer, pigments were mixed. These are added in order to increase the elongation i.e; its flexibility.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Which is used in making various types of pipes?

  1. PVR

  2. PVC

  3. Bakelite

  4. Melamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is used in making various types of pipes.
Note: PVC thermoplastic polymer. Its properties are between elastomers and fibers. On heating, it becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. It can be remoulded and recycled.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

PVC is an example of which kind of plastic?

  1. Thermoplastic

  2. Thermosetting

  3. It is not a type of plastic
  4. Both $A$ and $B$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is thermoplastic polymer. Its properties are between elastomers and fibers. On heating, it becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. It can be remoulded and recycled.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Which of the following polymer has the tendency of decomposing before melting ?

  1. Polystyrene

  2. PVC

  3. Nylon

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Thermosetting polymers such as Bakelite have the tendency of decomposing before melting. Thermoplastic polymers (such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), polystyrene ) on heating, becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. They can be remolded and recycled. Their properties are between elastomers and fibers.
There is no thermosetting given in the option, all are thermoplastic.
Hence, the correct option is D.