Tag: petrochemicals and polymers

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Questions Related to petrochemicals and polymers

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

In condensation of polymerization, involves monomers which contain functional groups of:

  1. same kind

  2. different kind

  3. all groups

  4. compounds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Condensation polymers involves monomers which join together losing a small molecules as byproducts such as $H _2O$, methanol, etc.

Condensation polymers are formed from two or more different monomers.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Polymer formation from monomers starts by:

  1. condensation reaction between monomers

  2. coordination reaction between monomers

  3. conversion of monomers to monomer ion by protons

  4. hydrolysis of monomers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polymer formation from monomers starts by condensation reaction between monomers by removal of small molecules.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Earlier, gramophone records were made from a natural resin, shellac, which comes from insects on trees. Nowadays, records lighter in weight are made from synthetic plastics like:

  1. polyacrylonitrile

  2. PVC (or polyvinyl chloride)

  3. polythene

  4. bakelite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They are made from PVC (or polyvinylchloride) because they are hard and non-breakable.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Which of the following polymers can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism ?

  1. PVC

  2. PAN

  3. Telfon

  4. PP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Anionic addition polymerization is a form of chain-growth polymerization or addition polymerization that involves the polymerization of vinyl monomers with strong electronegative groups. This polymerization is carried out through a carbanion active species. 


Like all chain-growth polymerizations, it takes place in three steps: chain initiation, chain propagation and chain termination. 

Characteristics: In order for polymerization to occur with vinyl monomers, the substituents on the double bond must be able to stabilize a negative charge. Stabilization occurs through delocalization of the negative charge. The delocalisation of electron density can be done by Electron withdrawing group such as $CN$, $-F$, $-Cl$ etc.
The solvent is determined by the reactivity of both the initiator and carbanion of the propagating chain end.

Hence, polymers that can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism are PVC, PAN and Teflon.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

The main advantage of 'PVC' pipes for drainage is the feasibility of:

  1. mechanical laying

  2. physical laying

  3. chemical laying
  4. both $B$ and $C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

PVC pipes are lightweight, can be easily joined with solvents, and allow for fast mechanical installation using simple tools and fittings. This mechanical laying advantage is significant for drainage systems. Physical laying is not a standard term. Chemical laying is not relevant. The question focuses on the installation method advantage.