Tag: petrochemicals and polymers

Questions Related to petrochemicals and polymers

In additional polymerization, a monomer with double bond will simply :

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. break

  2. remain same

  3. turn into the single bond

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$\text{Double bonds breaks of one monomer for addition with another monomer.}$

$F _2C = CF _2$ is a monomer of:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. teflon

  2. glyptal

  3. nylon-6

  4. buna-S

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$F _2C=CF _2$ is a monomer of polytetrafluoroethylene also called as Teflon.

       $nF _2C=CF _2\longrightarrow -[F _2C-CF _2]- _n$
(Tetrafluoroethylene)    (Teflon Polytetrafluoroethylene)

In additional polymerization, unsaturated monomers contain :

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. single bond

  2. double bond

  3. both A and B

  4. triple bond

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Many common addition polymer are formed from unsaturated monomers having $C=C$ bond.

In condensation of polymerization, involves monomers which contain functional groups of:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. same kind

  2. different kind

  3. all groups

  4. compounds

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Condensation polymers involves monomers which join together losing a small molecules as byproducts such as $H _2O$, methanol, etc.

Condensation polymers are formed from two or more different monomers.

Polymer formation from monomers starts by:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. condensation reaction between monomers

  2. coordination reaction between monomers

  3. conversion of monomers to monomer ion by protons

  4. hydrolysis of monomers

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Polymer formation from monomers starts by condensation reaction between monomers by removal of small molecules.

Which of the following polymer type is not classified on the basis of its application and properties?
chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. rubber

  2. plastic

  3. fibers 

  4. synthetic

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Synthetic polymers are classified on the basis of their origin and are known as man-made polymers.

Hence,
option $D$ is correct answer.

Earlier, gramophone records were made from a natural resin, shellac, which comes from insects on trees. Nowadays, records lighter in weight are made from synthetic plastics like:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. polyacrylonitrile

  2. PVC (or polyvinyl chloride)

  3. polythene

  4. bakelite

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

They are made from PVC (or polyvinylchloride) because they are hard and non-breakable.

Which of the following polymers can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism ?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. PVC

  2. PAN

  3. Telfon

  4. PP

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

Anionic addition polymerization is a form of chain-growth polymerization or addition polymerization that involves the polymerization of vinyl monomers with strong electronegative groups. This polymerization is carried out through a carbanion active species. 


Like all chain-growth polymerizations, it takes place in three steps: chain initiation, chain propagation and chain termination. 

Characteristics: In order for polymerization to occur with vinyl monomers, the substituents on the double bond must be able to stabilize a negative charge. Stabilization occurs through delocalization of the negative charge. The delocalisation of electron density can be done by Electron withdrawing group such as $CN$, $-F$, $-Cl$ etc.
The solvent is determined by the reactivity of both the initiator and carbanion of the propagating chain end.

Hence, polymers that can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism are PVC, PAN and Teflon.

Monomer of $[NH - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - NH - CH _2] _n$ is :

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Methanamine

  2. N-methyl urea

  3. Formaldehyde

  4. Ammonia

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Solution:- (C) Formaldehyde

It is urea formaldehyde polymer and it's monomers are urea and formaldehyde.

The main advantage of 'PVC' pipes for drainage is the feasibility of:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. mechanical laying

  2. physical laying

  3. chemical laying

  4. both $B$ and $C$

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Correct Option: A