Tag: petrochemicals and polymers

Questions Related to petrochemicals and polymers

Petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur in order to:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. prevent pollution of the air by sulphur

  2. make pure, white petrol

  3. increase the mileage of petrol

  4. use the sulphur to make other compounds cheaply

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Air is polluted by sulphur by converting into sulphur dioxide. So, petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur.

Paraffin is a by-product of?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. Cottage industries involving bee-keeping

  2. Processing of agricultural wastes

  3. Petroleum refining

  4. Leather industry

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Paraffin, a white or colourless, tasteless, odourless, water-insoluble, solid substance not easily acted upon by reagents, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons chiefly of the alkane series, obtained from crude petroleum in Petroleum Refining.

Which of the following is obtained on fractional distillation of petroleum ?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. Paraffin wax

  2. Asphalt

  3. Petroleum gas

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Paraffin wax, Petroleum gas and Asphalt are the different constituents of petroleum which  vapourise at different temperature's in the fractional distillation of petroleum. 

Petrol is a mixture of hydrocarbons with ______ carbon atoms.

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. 2 to 5

  2. 5 to 9

  3. 5 to 7

  4. 4 to 6

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Petroleum is a very complex mixture of hydrocarbons-compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen only. Small amounts of other organic compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements are also present.
  • Petroleum is a mixture of a very large number of different hydrocarbons; the most commonly found molecules are alkanes (paraffin), cycloalkanes (naphthenes), aromatic hydrocarbons, or more complicated chemicals like asphaltenes.
  • This mixture of hydrocarbons generally has 5 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • Hence option B is a correct answer.

Gasoline is a mixture of?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. $C _3 - C _5$ alkanes

  2. $C _{15} - H _{20}$ alkanes

  3. $C _{11} - C _{15}$ alkanes

  4. $C _7 - C _9 $ alkanes

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Gasoline is a refined product of petroleum and is comprised mainly of hydrocarbons, ranging from those conatining 7 carbon atoms  to those containing 9 carbon atoms. 

The order of appearance of the following with rising temperature during the refining of crude oil is?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. Kerosene oil , gasoline, diesel

  2. Diesel, gasoline, kerosene oil

  3. Gasoline, diesel, kerosene oil

  4. Gasoline, kerosene oil, diesel

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

During refining of crude oil, different products are recovered according to the different boiling ranges. The order of boiling point of the given products is: Gasoline< kerosene< diesel. Therefore they are obtained in the sequence;Gasoline, kerosene ,diesel.

The final product in the following reaction can be used as, $4CH _3-CH _2-Cl+4Na+Pb \rightarrow$

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

  1. anaesthatic

  2. narcotics

  3. analgesic

  4. antiknocking agent

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The final product of this reaction is $(CH _3CH _2) _4Pb$ [tetraethyl lead (TEL)].
$4CH _3-CH _2-Cl + 4Na + Pb \rightarrow (CH _3CH _2) _4Pb$
It is also used as an antiknocking agent in fuels for automobiles.