Tag: immunity and blood groups

Phagocytes are the type of cells present inside the body capable of engulfing bacteria and other small cells in the body and provide second line defense. It means that they destroy invaders in a generalized way and activate via antigen receptors that bind to an antibody attached to antigen without recognizing between self and non-self.

• Edward Jenner, an English physician, and scientist is called the father of immunology. 
• Jenner was the pioneer of the smallpox vaccine, as his experiments opened the pathway of the discovery of the immune system. 
• He observed the immune capabilities by injecting pus of an infected person to a healthy host. 
• The healthy person was not infected rather the antigen in the pus activated the immune response.

Active immunity involves the active functioning of the person's own immune system leading to the synthesis of antibodies on the entry of the antigens into the body.

The Rickettsiae are a diverse group of bacteria some of which can be transmitted to humans via the bites of fleas, lice, ticks or mites. Several Rickettsia species present in Australia are capable of causing disease in people. 
Syphilis is a bacterial infection usually spread by sexual contact. The disease starts as a painless sore typically on your genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores.
Trichinosis (trik-ih-NO-sis), sometimes called trichinellosis, is a type of roundworm infection. Roundworm parasites use a host body to live and reproduce. Occurring primarily among meat-eating animals (carnivores) especially bears, foxes and walruses the infection is acquired by eating roundworm larvae in raw or undercooked meat. 
An analgesic, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve analgesia relief from pain.  Analgesic drugs act in various ways on the peripheral and central nervous systems. They are distinct from anesthetics, which reversibly eliminate sensation. Analgesics include paracetamol, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as the salicylates, and opioid drugs such as morphine and oxycodone.
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic composed of a mixture of related gentamicin components and fractions and is used to treat many types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms.
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic found in many topical medications such as creams, ointments, and eyedrops. The discovery of neomycin dates back to 1949. It was discovered in the lab of Selman Waksman, who was later awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1951. Neomycin belongs to aminoglycoside class of antibiotics that contain two or more aminosugars connected by glycosidic bonds.