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Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Choose the correct answer from the four options given.
During blood coagulation, thromboplastin is released by?

  1. RBC

  2. Clumped platelets and damaged tissues

  3. Blood plasma

  4. Leucocyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood coagulation is initiated by extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Thromboplastin (Factor III) is released primarily by damaged blood vessel tissues and clumped platelets at the site of an injury to trigger the clotting cascade.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

The anticoagulant most commonly used to store blood in the blood banks is

  1. Sodium nitrate

  2. Sodium fluoride

  3. EDTA

  4. Acid citrate dextrose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Acid citrate dextrose solution (anticoagulant citrate dextrose solution) is a solution of citric acid, sodium citrate and dextrose in water. It is mainly used as an anticoagulant to preserve blood specimens required for tissue typing because it removes the calcium ion which plays an important role in blood clotting reaction.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Blood clot formed in vessels blocking the flow of the blood is called as the

  1. Bolus

  2. Pus

  3. Ulcer

  4. Thrombus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a vessel and remains there. Clot leads to the coagulation of particles forming a thickened mass. It is traveled from the site of its production to another location in the body. It can block the flow of blood in that location depriving tissues of normal blood flow and oxygen. This can result in damage, destruction (infarction), or even death of the tissues (necrosis) in that area. 
Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Anticoagulant is 

  1. Citrate and oxalate

  2. Dicumarol

  3. Heparin

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All of them are anticoagulant. 'Citrate' is in liquid form and is used for coagulation tests, as well as in blood transfusion bags. It binds with the calcium ion, preventing the coagulation proteins from using them and thus prevent blood from clotting and this can be reversed with the addition of calcium. It can be in the form of sodium citrate or acid-citrate-dextrose.
'Oxalate' is an anticoagulant, which has a mechanism similar to that of citrate. It is used in fluoride oxalate tubes, used to determine glucose and lactate levels.
'Dicoumarol' is a naturally occurring anticoagulant that functions as a functional vitamin K depleter. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
'Heparin' is widely used anticoagulant. It works by activating antithrombin III, which blocks thrombin from clotting blood. It can be used in vivo as an injectable anticoagulant. It can also be used to form an inner anticoagulant surface on various experimental and medical devices such as test tubes and renal dialysis machines.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

You are required to draw blood from a patient and to keep it in a test tube for analysis of blood corpuscles and plasma. You are also produced with the following four types of test tubes. Which of them will you not use for the purpose?

  1. Test tube containing calcium bicarbonate

  2. Chilled test tube

  3. Test tube containing heparin

  4. Test tube containing sodium oxalate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Clotting of collected blood can be prevented by :
  • Coating test tubes with silicon (which produces non-wettable surface similar in its smoothness to the endothelial lining of blood vessels)
  • Adding chelating agents (includes trisodium citrate, sodium oxalate, and sodium EDTA) which remove calcium which is important for blood coagulation, and prevent blood clotting. Hence test tube containing calcium carbonate cannot be used.
  • Adding heparin, the most powerful anticoagulant which acts indirectly by activating plasma antithrombin III. 
  • Heparin is effective both in vivo and in vitro.
    Hence, the correct answer is A.
Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

A drop of each of the following, is placed separately on four slides. Which one of them will not coagulate?

  1. Blood serum

  2. Sample from thoracic duct of lymphatic system

  3. Whole blood from pulmonary vein

  4. Blood plasma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Blood serum is the component of blood that has neither a blood cell nor a clotting factor. Serum includes all proteins not used in blood clotting (coagulation) and all the electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, hormones, and any exogenous substances (e.g., drugs and microorganisms). Hence, serum does not clot. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

The blood does not clot inside the body because of 

  1. Oxygenation of blood

  2. Movement of blood

  3. Absence of active clotting factors in normal condition

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In blood, platelets produce thromboplastin only at the site of injury and not in the normal condition which initiates the process of blood clotting. There is an another factor or protein called fibrinogen. When it makes contact with oxygen, it polymerizes to fibrin wires, creating a heap of fibrin wires, in which the various blood cells get caught, thus clogging the wound. Because all the oxygen in the blood is already bound to haemoglobin (red cells), it can't interact with the fibrinogen, thus cannot create a clot. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Labile factor is associated with

  1. Blood coagulation

  2. Blood group

  3. Blood immunity

  4. Blood circulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Coagulation (blood clotting) is a complex process that involves a positive feedback system. The factors involved are-
Factor I Fibrinogen
Factor II Prothrombin
Factor III Tissue Factor (Thromboplastin)
Factor IV Calcium
Factor V Labile factor, proaccelerin, Ac-globulin
Factor VII Stable factor, proconvertin
Factor VIII Antihaemophilic globulin (AHG), Antihaemphilic factor A 
Factor IX Christmas factor, plasma thromboplastin component
Factor X Stuart power factor
Factor XI Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
Factor XII Hageman factor
Factor XIII Fibrin stabilising factor
Vitamin K is essential for synthesis of factors II, VII, IX and X.
Their numbers represent the order in which they were discovered.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Which clotting factor has been rejected now?

  1. VIII

  2. VII

  3. VI

  4. V
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Clotting factor VIII is the antihemophilic factor while factor VII serves as an accelerator of serum prothrombin conversion. Clotting factor V is proaccelerin. Clotting factor VI was once considered to have clotting function but is now rejected. Thus, the correct answer is C. 

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Which is unrelated to blood coagulation?

  1. Fibrinogen

  2. Fibrin

  3. Bilirubin

  4. Calcium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

One of the initial steps in blood coagulation is the release of thromboplastin that interacts with other clotting factors and calcium ions. Fibrinogen is a soluble blood protein that becomes insoluble and forms fibrin strands during last steps of clotting. Bilirubin is the breakdown product of hemoglobin. Thus, the correct answer is C.