Tag: reformation and enlightenment in europe

Questions Related to reformation and enlightenment in europe

The reformation movement spread to many countries of ______.

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Asia

  2. Africa

  3. Europe

  4. Australia

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The Protestant Reformation was a major 16th century European movement aimed initially at reforming the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Its religious aspects were supplemented by ambitious political rulers who wanted to extend their power and control at the expense of the Church. The Reformation ended the unity imposed by medieval Christianity and, in the eyes of many historians, signaled the beginning of the modern era.

 A weakening of the old order was already under way in Northern Europe, as evidenced by the emergence of thriving new cities and a determined middle class.Over the centuries there had been many reform efforts within the Catholic Church, most notably a series of largely unsuccessful church councils. Popular support existed in some quarters for simplifying worship services and requiring a more dedicated clergy.

In 1517, in one of the signal events of western history, Martin Luther, a German Augustinian monk, posted 95 theses on the church door in the university town of Wittenberg. That act was common academic practice of the day and served as an invitation to debate. Luther’s propositions challenged some portions of Roman Catholic doctrine and a number of specific practices.

The Bible was in ______, a language the common people could not understand.

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Latin

  2. Greek

  3. English

  4. Spanish

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Bible was not available in the hands of common people in Medieval times (5th - 15th century)m as the language was Latin, not understood by many people.

Who is the author of the magnum opus 'Secretum' from the Renaissance period?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Dante

  2. Don Quixote

  3. Petrarch

  4. Michelangelo

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Petrarch (AD 1304 - 1374) was one of the eminent writers of the Renaissance period. He is known as the Father of Renaissance. The magnum opus of Petrarch is 'Secretum'. Petrarch is often considered the founder of Humanism.

Which pair of scientists MOST contributed to the development of the Scientific Method?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Newton and Einstein

  2. Cavendish and Winkelmann

  3. Bacon and Descartes

  4. Fahrenheit and Celsius

  5. Copernicus and Galileo

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Roger Bacon and Rene Descartes developed the Scientific Methods which we know today. Roger Bacon emphasized on the experimentation while Descartes who was a French philosopher emphasized on Philosophy.

Which of these would NOT be a target for criticism by an Enlightenment philosopher prior to the French Revolution?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. The Old Regime

  2. Constitutionalism

  3. The Catholic Church

  4. Absolute Monarchy

  5. Versailles

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Constitutionalism, which puts limits on monarchs powers, was an idea widely supported among the philosophers during the enlightenment.

Which factor helped most to bring about the Protestant Reformation?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. The Catholic clergy had lost faith in their religion

  2. Islam was attracting many converts in Western Europe

  3. Kings and princes in Northern Europe resented the power of the Catholic Church

  4. The exploration of the Americas led to the introduction of new religious ideas

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Correct Option: C

The humanists of the Renaissance differed from the traditional medieval philosophers in the 'humanists _________.

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Interest in the spiritual life of people

  2. Lack of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture

  3. Rejection of Christian principles

  4. Emphasis on the importance of the individual

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The fine arts, literature and history in the Medieval period were centred on religious ideology. The texts were invariably written in Greek andLatin as these languages were considered elite and scholarly. By the dawn of the 13th century, Latin and Greek gave way to regional languages like English, Spanish, and French. The writers of this period adopted the life of the common man as the central theme of their works. The literature of this period was no longer confined to religion and philosophy but gave way to themes that depicted diverse aspects of human life. Similar changes occurred in other art forms like painting and sculpture. This vision, primarily concerned with the various aspects of human life, is known as humanism.

The new spirit of humanism inspired unique thoughts on the universe and human life. It promoted reasoning and the spirit of enquiry. Consequently, a new awakening in all spheres of human life became visible in Europe and it is known as the Renaissance.

Who is known as the Father of Renaissance?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Don Quixote

  2. Dante

  3. Petrarch

  4. Erasmus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Petrarch (AD 1304 - 1374) was one of the eminent writers of the Renaissance period. He is known as the Father of Renaissance. The magnum opus of Petrarch is 'Secretum'. Petrarch is often considered the founder of Humanism.

Which was a major characteristic of the Renaissance?

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Conformity

  2. Mysticism

  3. Humanism

  4. Obedience

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The new spirit of humanism inspired unique thoughts on the universe and human life. It promoted reasoning and the spirit of enquiry. Consequently, a new awakening in all spheres of human life became visible in Europe and it is known as the Renaissance.

Name the Spanish conqueror who put an end to the independent rule in Mexico.

history modern age in europe: the renaissance renaissance renaissance europe in transition india's contemporary economic condition reformation and enlightenment in europe reformation in europe

  1. Pizarro

  2. Vasco Da Gama

  3. Christopher Columbus

  4. Cortez

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hernan Cortes was born in 1485 in Medellin, western Spain. He led an expedition to kill the people and plunder Mexico. Eventually, he killed the local king and put an end to the independent rule of Mexico.