Tag: botany

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Questions Related to botany

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

In which of the following combinations, the compounds in ascending order based on their molecular weights are arranged

  1. DNA, RNA, AMP, ADP, ATP

  2. DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP, AMP

  3. AMP, ADP, ATP, RNA, DNA

  4. AMP, ATP, ADP, DNA, RNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The arrangement of compounds in ascending order according to their molecular weight is AMP, ADP, ATP, RNA, DNA.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

The most extensively used bacteria in genetic engineering is ____________.

  1. Bacillus

  2. Clostridium

  3. Escherichia

  4. Salmonella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most widely used host organism in genetic engineering due to its well-understood genetics and ease of culture.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

Which of the following is not a method of introducing alien DNA into host cells?

  1. Micro injection

  2. Electroporation

  3. Being placed along with the cell into a gene gun

  4. Gel electrophoresis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Microinjection is a technique in which DNA is directly injected into the host cells with the help of microinjection.
B. Electroporation is a technique in which pores are created in the cell membrane and thus, permeability is increased. As a result, foreign DNA can easily enter the cells.
C. Gene gun is a method to introduce alien DNA into host cells through microprojectile particles. The DNA coated gold or tungsten particles are bombarded with the host cells and alien DNA enters the cells.
D. Gel electrophoresis is a technique of separating DNA fragments on the basis of their size.
Hence, option D is not a method of introducing alien DNA into host cells.
So, the correct answer 'Gel electrophoresis'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

Identify the correct sequence of steps in the construction of recombinant DNA.
$(1)$ use restriction enzymes
$(2)$ use DNA ligase
$(3)$ remove plasmid from parent bacterium
$(4)$ introduce plasmid into new host bacterium.

  1. $1-2-3-4$
  2. $4-3-2-1$
  3. $3-1-2-4$
  4. $2-3-1-4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Generation  of rDNA steps:
1) The DNA for insulin is first disengaged. 
2) A plasmid made of DNA is expelled from a bacterial cell. 
3) A limitation protein cuts the plasmid DNA open, leaving sticky finishes. 
4) The insulin quality, with integral sticky closures, is included. 
5) DNA ligase catalyst grafts (joins) together with the plasmid DNA and the Insulin DNA. 
6) The plasmid (now hereditarily changed) is embedded again into the bacterium. 
7) The bacterium has cell, partitions and delivers duplicates of the plasmid. 
8) The Bacterium makes human insulin utilizing the quality in the plasmid. 
9) The insulin is removed from the bacterial culture.
So, the correct option '2−3−1−4'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

The process by which restriction endonuclease cut the DNA molecule?

  1. Reduction

  2. Oxidation

  3. Hydrolysis

  4. Carboxylation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides within a polynucleotide chain. This bond breakage is achieved through the addition of a water molecule, which is a hydrolysis reaction.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

In E.coli, a finished polypeptide has $162$ amino acids of which the first amino acid is not methionine compound. How many nucleotides of DNA are required to code this polypeptide?

  1. $486$
  2. $54$
  3. $489$
  4. $492$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A polypeptide of 162 amino acids requires 162 codons. Each codon consists of 3 nucleotides. 162 * 3 = 486 nucleotides.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

The technique in which a foreign DNA is precipitated on the surface of the tungsten or gold particle and shot into target cells is known as? 

  1. Microinjection

  2. Chemical - mediated genetic transformation

  3. Electroporation

  4. Biolistic method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The biolistic method, or gene gun technique, coats microscopic gold or tungsten particles with foreign DNA and accelerates them at high velocity into target cells. Microinjection directly injects DNA into the nucleus using a micropipette.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?

  1. Penicillium expansum

  2. Trichoderma harzianum

  3. Meloidogyne incognita

  4. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Trichoderma harzianum is a biofungicide and is used for suppression of various disease causing fungal pathogens. Penicillium expansum, blue mold, causes postharvest decay of stored apples and produces the carcinogenic mycotoxin patulin. Meloidogyne incognita, southern root-knot nematode" or the "cotton root-knot nematode", is a nematode with multiple hosts. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil plant pathogenic bacterium that carries Ti plasmid. It can transfer a particular segment of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid into the nucleus of infected cells. The transferred T-DNA is then integrated into the host genome and transcribed with it. This ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transfer the T-DNA in host genome is explored in genetic engineering to transfer the desired DNA segment, carrying the gene of the interest, into genome of selected organisms. Option D is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

Which one of the following is called polynucleotide joining enzyme?

  1. Polymerase I

  2. Polymerase II

  3. Ligase

  4. Ribonuclease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ligase is nick named as 'molecular sutures'. In Biochemistry, ligase is defined as an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond.