Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Questions Related to coordination in human beings- chemical control

Select the right match of endocrone gland and their hormones among the options given.

A. Pineal (i) Epinephrine
B. Thyroid (ii) Melatonin
C. Ovary (iii) Estrogen
D. Adrenal medulla (iv) Tetraiodothyronin
zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)

  2. A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)

  3. A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)

  4. A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A. Pineal: It secretes a hormone named melatonin. It causes the concentration of pigment granules in the melanocytes, making the skin colour lighter in certain animals.

B. Thyroid: The thyroid gland secretes three hormones: Thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin. T$ _4$ regulate oxidation of food. Excess cause goitre.
C. Ovary: It secretes Oestrogen, Progesterone, Relaxin. Estrogen function is to develop female genital organs and accessory sexual characters. 
D. Adrenal medulla: It releases epinephrine and nor-epinephrine. Its function is to whip up metabolism in an emergency by increasing heartbeat, blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood sugar level etc.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(ii), B- (iv), C-(iii), D-(i)'.

What is the main function of endocrinal system in animals?

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Coordination

  2. Combination

  3. Regulatory

  4. None of the given

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The function of endocrine glands in animals is to regulate chemical coordination. These glands secrete chemicals called hormones. 

So, the correct option is 'Coordination'.

Endocrine glands are also called as ................. glands.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Exocrine

  2. Ductless

  3. Ducted

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. So, they are called as ductless glands. 

The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands.

Endocrine glands

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Do not possess ducts

  2. Sometimes do not have ducts

  3. Pour their secretion into blood through ducts

  4. Always have ducts

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Any of various glands producing hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream is called endocrine gland. The endocrine glands include the thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal and gonads. They are also called as the ductless glands.

When the glandular cells breakdown completely, the gland is known as ______________.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Holocrine gland

  2. Apocrine gland

  3. Merocrine gland

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is option A i.e. "Holocrine gland"
Holocrine gland is one in which the entire secreting cell is destroyed on secretion e.g. sebaceous gland
Apocrine gland are the one that secretes a viscous fluid into a hair follicle e.g. sweat glands.
Merocrine gland discharges acellular components without damage to the secreting cell e.g. sweat glands

Hair roots are located in

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Dermis

  2. Epidermis

  3. Hypodermis

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Skin has three layers:

  • The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. 
  • The second layer of skin is the dermis, located under the epidermis. It contains connective tissue, nerve endings, and hair follicles.
  •  Subcutaneous tissue is the third layer of the skin. Located beneath the dermis and epidermis, it is mostly fat. Hence, Hair roots are located in Dermis.
So, the correct answer is 'Dermis'.

Select the answer which correctly matches endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes its function/deficiency symptom.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Endocrine- Thyroid gland, Hormone- Thyroxine, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Lack of iodine in diet results in goitre

  2. Endocrine Corpus luteum, Hormone- Testosterone, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Stimulates spermatogenesis

  3. Endocrine- Anterior pituitary, Hormone- Oxytocin, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Stimulates uterus contraction during child birth

  4. Endocrine-Posterior, Hormone- Growth hormone(GH), Function/gland Deficiency symptoms-Over secretion stimulates abnormal growth

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the following gland is both endocrine as well as exocrine? 

biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pancreas

  3. Payers patches

  4. Thymus

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Match List I with List II and select the correct option.

List I List II
A. Adrenalin 1. Myxoedema
B. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Accelerates heart beat
C. Oxytocin 3. Salt-water balance
D. Hypothyroidism 4. Childbirth
E. Aldosterone 5. Demineralisation 
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A- 2, B- 5, C- 4, D- 1, E- 3

  2. A- 3, B- 4, C- 5, D- 3, E- 2

  3. A- 5, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4, E- 1

  4. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 5, E- 1

  5. A- 5, B- 3, C- 4, D- 2, E- 1

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When we perceive a threat, the body's stress hormones like adrenalin  accelerates the body's ability to respond rapidly. Heart rate and breathing is increased. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates osteoclast and thereby increases blood calcium, that promotes bone demineralization or bone resorption. The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are contraction of the uterus during childbirth and lactation. When the levels of thyroid hormones become low, it can result in a condition, called as myxoedema. Aldosterone serves as the principal regulator of the salt and water balance of the body.

Match the column I with column II and select the correct option.

Column I Column II
A ANF 1 Regulates blood calcium levels
B MSH 2 Decreases blood pressure
C GIP 3 Pigmentation
D TCT 4 Inhibits gastric secretion
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A- 4, B- 1, C- 2, D- 3

  2. A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3

  3. A- 4, B- 1, C- 3, D- 2

  4. A- 3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 1

  5. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) or atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. ANF acts to reduce the water, sodium and adipose loads on the circulatory system, thereby reducing blood pressure. 

  • The melanocyte-stimulating hormones ( MSH) are peptide hormones that are produced by cells in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. They stimulate the production and release of melanin (melanogenesis) by melanocytes in skin and hair. An increase in MSH will cause skin darkening in humans. 

  • GIP is a peptide hormone, secreted by the stomach, which stimulates intestinal secretions and insulin release as part of the digestive process; GIP inhibits the secretion of gastric acids and of pepsin. 

  • Calcitonin is a hormone, that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells (commonly known as C-cells) of the thyroid gland. Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) helps to regulate levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood, opposing the action of parathyroid hormone. This means that it acts to reduce calcium levels in the blood.

    Hence , option E is correct.