World Religions and Beliefs

We must look for something that goes with sacred scriptures and implies a formal system of belief, but something whose absence doesn't rule out a legacy of traditional religious practices and basic values. Options (1), (2) and (5) because if Shinto lacked ‘acolyte’(followers), ‘norms’(customs), or ‘credence’(faith) it wouldn't be a legacy of traditional religious practices and basic values. ‘Relics’ in (4) are sacred objects but relics don't make a formal system of beliefs, therefore ruled out. Hence, (3) is the answer as ‘dogma’ is a formal religious belief.

The Bible is the primary religious scripture of Christianity, comprising the Old Testament and New Testament. It is considered the holy text by Christians worldwide and forms the foundation of Christian faith and practice. Other religions have their own sacred texts.

The Five Pillars of Islam are: Shahadah: Faith or belief in the oneness of God and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad Salat: Ritual prayer five times a day Zakat: Giving 2.5% of one’s savings to the poor and needy Sawm: Fasting and self-control during the holy month of Ramadan Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime if one is able

Sufism or Tasawwuf  is not really a sect of Islam, but an aspect or dimension of Islam. There are two main sects in Islam: Sunni and Shia. Sufism came to India even before the establishment of the Sultanate. They attempted to bridge the gap between orthodoxy and the religion of faith and devotion.

There are four religions which trace their origin to the Indian subcontinent. They are Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism.

Hinduism is widely considered the world's oldest living religion, with origins tracing back over 4,000 years to the Vedic traditions. While Judaism is old (c. 2000 BCE), Hinduism's roots are older. Christianity and Islam are much more recent.

Din-i-illahi was Akbar's syncretic religious path that combined elements from various religions, focusing on divine monotheism. Akbarnama was his historical chronicle, not a religious path.

A synagogue is the Jewish place of worship and religious assembly. The term comes from Greek and refers to the congregational spaces where Jewish people gather for prayer, Torah reading and community activities. 'Synonyms' are equivalent words, 'homogeneous' means similar, and 'symposium' is a conference.

Muslims constitute the largest religious minority in India at approximately 14.2% according to Census 2011. The 13.1% figure may be from an earlier census or specific data source, but Muslims are indeed the second-largest religious community after Hindus.

Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people (Jews). It is an ancient monotheistic religion that includes the cultural, historical, and religious traditions of the Jewish people. The other options represent different religious communities: Bahais follow Baha'i faith, Parsees are Zoroastrians, and Muslims follow Islam.

A secular state means the state does not interfere in religious matters of citizens. While option A about not exploiting religion is valid, it's about proper conduct rather than defining secularism itself. Option D directly captures the essence of secularism - state neutrality in religious affairs.

Religious education classes were to be available to students from all communities - both minorities and majorities. This was based on the principle that religious instruction should be available to those who want it, regardless of their community background. The 1959 commission on religious education supported this inclusive approach.

Temple is a place for worshipping and club is a place for partying.

A monotheist believes in the existence of only one deity. The prefix 'mono-' means one, and 'theism' refers to belief in god(s). Major monotheistic religions include Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.

The Five Ks (Panj Kakke) are articles of faith worn by baptized Sikhs: Kesh (uncut hair), Kara (steel bracelet), Kanga (wooden comb), Kachera (cotton undergarment), and Kirpan (ceremonial dagger). These symbols represent commitment to Sikh principles and were formalized by Guru Gobind Singh.