World Religions and Beliefs

Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people (Jews). It is an ancient monotheistic religion that includes the cultural, historical, and religious traditions of the Jewish people. The other options represent different religious communities: Bahais follow Baha'i faith, Parsees are Zoroastrians, and Muslims follow Islam.

A secular state means the state does not interfere in religious matters of citizens. While option A about not exploiting religion is valid, it's about proper conduct rather than defining secularism itself. Option D directly captures the essence of secularism - state neutrality in religious affairs.

Zend Avesta is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism, the religion of the Parsis. The Bible is sacred in Christianity, Torah in Judaism, and Quran in Islam. Zend Avesta contains hymns, prayers, and religious laws of the Zoroastrian faith.

Religious education classes were to be available to students from all communities - both minorities and majorities. This was based on the principle that religious instruction should be available to those who want it, regardless of their community background. The 1959 commission on religious education supported this inclusive approach.

'The Light of Asia' is a famous poem by Edwin Arnold (1879) about the life and teachings of Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. It is one of the earliest influential works introducing Buddha to Western audiences.

Temple is a place for worshipping and club is a place for partying.

A monotheist believes in the existence of only one deity. The prefix 'mono-' means one, and 'theism' refers to belief in god(s). Major monotheistic religions include Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.

The Avesta is the primary collection of sacred texts in Zoroastrianism, containing prayers, hymns, and rituals. It was composed in the Avestan language and includes sections like the Gathas (hymns attributed to Zoroaster), Yasna, and Vendidad. Ahura Mazda is the supreme deity (not a text), Trisasti salaka is a Jaina text, and Tripitaka is Buddhist.

The Five Ks (Panj Kakke) are articles of faith worn by baptized Sikhs: Kesh (uncut hair), Kara (steel bracelet), Kanga (wooden comb), Kachera (cotton undergarment), and Kirpan (ceremonial dagger). These symbols represent commitment to Sikh principles and were formalized by Guru Gobind Singh.

(1) The author places himself in opposition to the sociologists whom he cites. He claims an alternative interpretation of the evidence. In other words, the most logical continuation of the passage will be the one that explains why such sects are not a recent phenomenon even though there are no old ones around. (1) does this neatly. Since the members abstain from sexual relations, they will not reproduce members and the sect will tend to die out. This explains why there are none more than 50 or 60 years old.

Sikhism originated in the 15th century CE (1469) with the birth of Guru Nanak, making it the most recent major religion to emerge in India among the options. Hinduism's origins date to ancient Vedic traditions (1500 BCE+), Buddhism was founded in the 6th century BCE, and Islam entered India in the 7th-8th century CE via Arab traders.

The Bhakti movement emerged in medieval India (6th-17th centuries CE) as a syncretic religious movement blending Islamic Sufi ideas with Hindu devotional traditions. It emphasized personal devotion to God, rejected rigid caste distinctions and elaborate rituals, and promoted monotheistic worship. Saints like Kabir, Nanak, and Mira exemplified this fusion.

The number 13 has long been considered unlucky in Christian tradition. This belief stems from the Last Supper where 13 people were present (Jesus plus 12 disciples), and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Jesus, was the 13th person to arrive. This association led to triskaidekaphobia (fear of the number 13).

Wakf Act 1954, defines Wakf as, 'Wakf means the permanent dedication by a person professing the Islam, of any movable or immovable property for any purpose recognized by Muslim Law as religious, pious, or charitable'.