World History

Thomas Cromwell wanted alliances with Protestant countries because Henry VIII was threatened by Catholic countries. Cromwell arranged Henry's marriage with Anne of Cleves. However, she could not provide the king with a male heir. The marriage was a disaster and Cromwell was executed. 
Thus, option D is correct.

Charles I signed a treaty with the Scots after the British Parliament refused to support him. This led to a civil war between Charles I and the parliament during 1642-1649. In 1646, Charles surrendered to the Scots. However, the Scots handed him over to the English Parliament. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

Option A is CORRECT because the civil war between Charles I and the British Parliament began due to the fact that the English Parliament refused to support Charles I in his war against Scotland. 

Option B is INCORRECT because the English Parliament exercised no such control over the King's property. 

Option C is INCORRECT because Charles I had dismissed the Parliament at the beginning of his reign. 

Option D is INCORRECT because options B and C are incorrect. 

• James II became King of England and Scotland in 1685 after the death of Charles II.
  
• James II allowed the Scots to remain independent by allowing them to keep their own Parliament and kirk.
  
• The Glorious Revolution of 1688 was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III, Prince of Orange, who was James's nephew and son-in-law.

Charles I was executed by the British Parliament in 1649 after the Scottish and the Royalist forces were defeated at the Battle of Preston in 1648. After his execution, the Scots decided to crown Prince Charles, the son of Charles I, as King of Scotland. 
Thus, option A is correct. 

English king, King William III, was known as William of Orange because he was the sovereign Prince of Orange in the Netherlands. He had replaced James II as King of England in 1688.
Thus, option D is correct.  

Option A is INCORRECT because the Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 at Worcester, England, and was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian New Model Army, 28,000 strong, defeated King Charles II's 16,000 Royalists, of whom the vast majority were Scottish.

Option B is INCORRECT because the Battle of Waterloo was fought in June 1815 near Waterloo in present-day Belgium then part of the United Kingdom of Netherlands. A French Army under Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition: a British-led Allied army and a Prussian army.  

Option C is CORRECT because the Battle of Preston (August 1648), fought largely near Preston in Lancashire, resulted in a victory for the New Model Army under the command of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by the Duke of Hamilton.

Option D is INCORRECT because the Battle of Hastings was fought in 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.

Option A is CORRECT because, after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, William III was aware that some Highland Scottish Clans still supported the old king, James II. 

Options B, C and D are INCORRECT because only some Highland Scottish Clans supported King James II.  

King James II was removed during the Glorious Revolution in England in 1688. After the Revolution, James II was replaced by William III who was invited by the English Parliament to become the new King. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

Queen Anne died in 1715 and left no heirs to the throne. The Jacobites, who were Highland Scots, saw her death as an opportunity for the Stuarts to return. However, the English Parliament invited Prince George of Hanover to become king. 
Thus, option D is correct.

Maclain MacDonald was the chief of the MacDonald clan. He traveled from Glencoe to Fort William to make his oath of loyalty to King William III. 
Thus, option B is correct. 

King William III had ordered all Scottish clans to swear an oath of loyalty to him by New Year's Day the following year. When Maclain MacDonald, chief of the MacDonalad clan reached Fort William to make his oath, the Governor told him that he had to make his oath in front of the sheriff at Inverary which was about 60 miles away. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

King William III wanted all Scottish clans to swear allegiance to him before the New Year's Day of 1691. The chief of the MacDonald clan, Maclain MacDonald, could not make his oath in front of King William III before the given time. William III decided to punish the MacDonald clan to set an example to the other Highland clans. In order to do that, he ordered 120 soldiers to be placed in the homes of the MacDonald clan in Glencoe. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

Option A is INCORRECT because the sheriff was NOT preparing for an attack on the Highland Clans. 

Option B is CORRECT because when MacDonald reached Inverary, the sheriff was away celebrating Hogmanay, which is the Scottish word for the last day of the year and is synonymous with celebration of the New Year in the Scottish manner.

Option C is INCORRECT because when MacDonald reached Inverary, the sheriff was alive and was celebrating Hogmanay. 

Option D is INCORRECT because option B is correct. 

Jacobites were those Highland Scots who did not like being ruled from London and supported the return of James Edward Stuart. Some of them planned a rebellion. 
Thus, option A is correct.