World History

Louis XIV of France, known as the Sun King, reigned from 1643 to 1715, making his reign the longest of any monarch in European history.

Gunpowder weapons, such as cannons, were first used effectively to breach the walls of fortifications during sieges, changing the nature of medieval warfare.

Sir Thomas Roe was the official ambassador sent by King James I to the Mughal court of Jahangir in 1615 to secure trading rights for the East India Company.

The American Adventure at Epcot is an audio-animatronic show that tells the story of the United States and its founding principles.

In the Bahamani administration, the Wazir served as the chief minister or prime minister, overseeing the administration under the authority of the Sultan.

Following the failed Newport Rising and other disturbances, the British government transported many convicted Chartist leaders to penal colonies in Australia.

The armed march on the Westgate Hotel in Newport in 1839 by Chartists is historically known as the Newport Rising.

Early in her reign, Elizabeth I also passed laws directly aimed at providing relief for the poor. For example, in 1563, her Act for the Relief of the Poor required all parish residents with the ability to contribute to poor collections. Those who "of his or their forward willful mind shall obstinately refuse to give weekly to the relief of the poor according to his or their abilities" could be bound over to justices of the peace and fined £10. The Poor Relief Act 1601 (43 Eliz 1 c 2) was an Act of the Parliament of England. The Act for the Relief of the Poor 1601, popularly known as the Elizabethan Poor Law, "43rd Elizabeth" or the Old Poor Law was passed in 1601 and created a poor law system for England and Wales. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest of the options, Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) is the queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. Margaret Tudor (28 November 1489 – 18 October 1541) was Queen of Scots from 1503 until 1513 by marriage to James IV of Scotland and then, after her husband died fighting the English, she became regent for their son James V of Scotland from 1513 until 1515. Mary II (30 April 1662 – 28 December 1694) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, King William III & II, from 1689 until her death. Since none of them were rulers in 1605, these are incorrect. 

In the 18th century, law enforcement was decentralized, relying on unpaid or part-time officials like parish constables and nightwatchmen.

Under the 1834 Poor Law, each Poor Law union was managed by a Board of Guardians, who were elected by local ratepayers.

Sir Robert Peel, serving as Home Secretary, introduced the Metropolitan Police Act 1829, which created the Metropolitan Police Force for London.

The Ballot Act 1872 introduced the secret ballot for parliamentary and local elections in the United Kingdom, protecting voters from intimidation.

During the 17th and 19th centuries, Africans were brought to the American Continent to work in plantations. Since the majority of the slaves hailed from Africa the term 'Afro' emerged. Hence called them Afro American. 

The long-standing conflict between the Athenian Empire and the Peloponnesian League, led by Sparta, is historically known as the Peloponnesian War.

The Athenian coup of 411 BC was the result of a revolution that took place during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. The coup overthrew the democratic government of ancient Athens and replaced it with a short-lived oligarchy known as The Four Hundred. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest of the options, monarchy could not be established because kings were overthrown, democracy could not be established since no women and not all adults had the right to vote. Hence, these are incorrect.