World History

Joseph Marquis Dupleix (23 January 1697 – 10 November 1763) was Governor-General of French India and rival of Robert Clive. Dupleix was ambitious to found a great French colony at a time when native governments were in a state of political dissolution and when commercial advantages were open to European nations

The Danish East India Company established their first factory at Tranquebar in Tamilnadu in 1620 and Serampur in Bengal in 1676.  They were not successful in establishing themselves strongly and therefore in the 19th century sold all their settlements to the British and went back to their country.

The Carnatic Wars were primarily fought between the English and the French to establish trade and political supremacy in the Indian subcontinent.

French East India Company was established in the 17th and 18th centuries to oversee French commerce with India, eastern Africa, and other territories of the Indian Ocean and the East Indies. It was established by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, finance minister to King Louis XIV. In February, 1701, Pondicherry was made the capital of the French settlements in India. In 1668, the first French factory was established in Surat.

The British East India Company defeated the Dutch in the Battle of Chinsurah on 25 November 1759. After this defeat, the English captured Chinsura from the Dutch.

After gaining control of Masulipatnam in 1605 and Tegenepatnam in 1608, the Dutch made their way to Pulicat. It was the principal trading post of the Dutch East India Company due to which factory was established there in 1610.

Prince Henry was better known as Prince Henry, the navigator. He is so called because he was responsible for early development of Portuguese exploration and maritime trade with other continents like Western Africa, the islands of the Atlantic Ocean etc.

In the beginning, English followed Peaceful Trade as their policy. But, they took advantage of the deteriorated political situation of India to establish their political supremacy. The Merchants of England who aspired to have trade with the East Countries, founded The East India Company in 1600 CE. They established trade links with India with the permission of Queen Elizabeth. In the beginning East India Company ships were anchored at Surat ports. Sir Thomas Roe visited the court of the Mughal emperor Jahangir in 1615 CE and obtained permission to trade in Surat. Later trade centers were established at Agra, Ahmedabad and Broch. After this, they established trade centers at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay. Calcutta was their first capital.

The Dutch, with their superior naval organization and the formation of the VOC, were the primary force that challenged and eventually shattered the Portuguese naval monopoly in the Indian Ocean.

Dutch East India Company also known as United East India Company was a trading company founded in the Dutch Republic in 1602 to protect that state’s trade in the Indian Ocean. The Dutch government granted the company a trade monopoly in the waters between the Cape of Good Hope and the Straits of Magellan with the right to conclude treaties with native princes, to build forts and maintain armed forces, and to carry on administrative functions.

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish trade with India and organized their ventures through state-backed enterprises, often considered the precursors to joint-stock models.

The Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 was the decisive conflict in the Third Carnatic War, where the British forces under Eyre Coote defeated the French, effectively ending French imperial ambitions in India.

The East India Company was granted the Royal Charter on 31 December, 1600 by Queen Elizabeth I. As a consequence of this Charter the British East India Company set up trading establishments on the east and west coasts of India and in Bengal. The Company’s ships first arrived in India, at the port of Surat, in 1608.

The people of Denmark were known as the Danish. they established trade with India in 1620. They established their trading port in Tranquebar in 1620 and then in Serampore in 1676. However they never concentrated in India and sold their ports to the British and left India.