Biology ยท General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common type of viral infection:

  1. common cold

  2. herpes simplex virus

  3. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

  4. malaria

  5. measles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Malaria is a parasitic infection, not a viral infection.

Multiple choice

How does Ebola virus affect wildlife populations?

  1. It causes hemorrhagic fever and organ failure.

  2. It leads to respiratory distress and pneumonia.

  3. It results in neurological symptoms and seizures.

  4. It causes skin lesions and rashes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ebola virus, a highly virulent virus, causes hemorrhagic fever in wildlife populations, leading to severe bleeding, organ failure, and high mortality rates.

Multiple choice

What is the name of the virus that causes AIDS?

  1. HIV-1

  2. HIV-2

  3. SIV

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which has two main types: HIV-1 and HIV-2. SIV is a related virus that infects monkeys.

Multiple choice

Which laboratory test is used to diagnose and monitor HIV infection?

  1. Lipid Profile

  2. Urinalysis

  3. HIV Antibody Test

  4. Liver Function Test (LFT)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An HIV Antibody Test detects the presence of antibodies against HIV in the blood. It is used to diagnose and monitor HIV infection, the virus that causes AIDS.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of viral infection?

  1. Common cold

  2. Influenza

  3. HIV/AIDS

  4. Malaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Malaria is a parasitic infection, not a viral infection.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of antiviral agent?

  1. Nucleoside analogs

  2. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

  3. Protease inhibitors

  4. Interferons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Interferons are not antiviral agents, but rather proteins produced by the body's immune system to fight viral infections.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of antiviral agents?

  1. Inhibiting viral attachment

  2. Inhibiting viral replication

  3. Inhibiting viral assembly

  4. Inhibiting viral release
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Many antiviral agents work by inhibiting viral replication.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a major global health challenge?

  1. HIV/AIDS

  2. Malaria

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Obesity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Obesity is not a major global health challenge.

Multiple choice

Which disease receives the largest share of global health financing?

  1. HIV/AIDS

  2. Tuberculosis

  3. Malaria

  4. Polio
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

HIV/AIDS receives the largest share of global health financing due to its significant impact on public health.

Multiple choice

What is the estimated prevalence of HIV among incarcerated individuals in the United States?

  1. 1%

  2. 5%

  3. 10%

  4. 20%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The estimated prevalence of HIV among incarcerated individuals in the United States is approximately 10%, which is significantly higher than the prevalence in the general population.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common mode of HIV transmission?

  1. Sexual contact

  2. Sharing needles or syringes

  3. Blood transfusions

  4. Insect bites
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HIV is not transmitted through insect bites.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to treat HIV?

  1. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

  2. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

  3. Protease inhibitors (PIs)

  4. Interferon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Interferon is not a type of ART used to treat HIV.

Multiple choice

What is the goal of ART in HIV treatment?

  1. To cure HIV

  2. To prevent HIV transmission

  3. To slow the progression of HIV

  4. To improve the quality of life for people with HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The goal of ART is to slow the progression of HIV and prevent the development of AIDS.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common opportunistic infection associated with HIV?

  1. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

  2. Candidiasis

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Influenza
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Influenza is not a common opportunistic infection associated with HIV.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of HIV test?

  1. Antibody test

  2. Antigen test

  3. Viral load test

  4. CD4 count test
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The most common type of HIV test is the antibody test, which detects antibodies to HIV in the blood.