Physics

Thermal Properties of Matter

274 Questions

Thermal properties of matter examine how substances react to heat, covering concepts like temperature, specific heat, and phase changes. This topic is regularly tested in the physics and general science sections of competitive exams. Use this collection to solve numericals on heat transfer, thermal equilibrium, and melting points.

Heat transfer and mixingMelting and freezing pointsThermal expansion and densityTriple point of waterCarnot cycle applications

Thermal Properties of Matter Questions

Multiple choice physics energy and its forms introduction to work work introduction to work and energy

Water falls from a height of $210\, m$. Assuming whole of energy due to fall is converted into heat the rise in temperature of water would be 
($J = 4.3$ Joule/cal)

  1. $42^0\, C$
  2. $49^0\, C$
  3. $0.49^0\, C$
  4. $4.9^0\, C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$\begin{array}{l} \Delta \theta =0.0023h \ =0.0023\times 210 \ ={ 0.483^{ 0 } }C \ =\approx { 0.49^{ 0 } }C \end{array}$

Hence, Option $C$ is correct.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification

Cryopreservation is carried out at

  1. -10 to -20$^{0}$C
  2. -50 to -60$^{0}$C
  3. -196$^{0}$C
  4. -100$^{0}$C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Cryopreservation is the preservation of cells and tissue by freezing.
Cryopreservation is based on the ability of certain small molecules to enter cells and prevent dehydration and formation of intracellular ice crystals, which can cause cell death and destruction of cell organelles during the freezing process. 
Most systems of cellular cryopreservation use a controlled-rate freezer. This freezing system delivers liquid nitrogen into a closed chamber into which the cell suspension is placed. Careful monitoring of the rate of freezing helps to prevent rapid cellular dehydration and ice-crystal formation. In general, the cells are taken from room temperature to approximately $−190^0$C in a controlled-rate freezer. The frozen cell suspension is then transferred into a liquid-nitrogen freezer maintained at extremely cold temperatures with nitrogen in either the vapour or the liquid phase. Cryopreservation based on freeze-drying does not require use of liquid-nitrogen freezers.
Multiple choice conduction in metals and non-metals thermal energy transfers physics

When a thermometer is taken from the melting ice to a warm liquid, the mercury level rises to two-fifths of the distance between the lower and the upper fixed points. Find the temperature of the liquid $(i)i{n^o}C,and(ii)\;in\;K.$ 

  1. ${40^0}C.313K$
  2. ${30^0}C.227K$
  3. ${20^0}C.273K$
  4. ${0^0}C.0K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Celsius scale has 100 divisions between 0 and 100. Two-fifths of 100 is 40 degrees Celsius. Converting to Kelvin, 40 + 273.15 = 313.15 K, which rounds to 313 K.

Multiple choice conduction in metals and non-metals thermal energy transfers physics

In winter , temprature of bottom of take is 4$$C . Ratio of thermal conductance of ice and water is 2:3 and depth of the take 20 m. Find the maximum thickness os ice formed .  

  1. $\frac { 200 }{ 11 } M$
  2. $\frac { 100 }{ 8 } M$
  3. $\frac { 220 }{ 12 } M$

  4. 10 M
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice physics heat energy transfers heat energy heat, internal energy and work internal energy

How much heat energy is gained when 5kg of water at $20^{ _-^0}C$ I brought to its boiling point? (Specific heat of water = 4.2 kJ $kg^{-1} C^{-1}$) -

  1. 1680 kJ

  2. 1700 kJ

  3. 1720 kJ

  4. 1740 kJ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The heat energy required is calculated using Q = m * c * delta_T. Here, m = 5 kg, c = 4.2 kJ/kg C, and delta_T = 100 - 20 = 80 C. Thus, Q = 5 * 4.2 * 80 = 1680 kJ.

Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

Three liquids A, B and C are at temperature of $60^{o}C, 55^{o}C$ respectively $4g$ of A mixed with $3g$ of C gives $65^{o} C$ and $2g$ of A mixed with $3g$ of B gives $57^{o}C$. The temperature of the mixture when equal masses of $B$ and $C$ are mixed is 

  1. $52.1^{o}C$
  2. $55^{o}C$
  3. $52.5^{o}C$
  4. $53^{o}C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Using the principle of calorimetry (heat lost = heat gained), we can determine the relative specific heats of the liquids. Solving the equations for the mixtures allows us to find the final equilibrium temperature when B and C are mixed.

Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The temperature of equal masses of three different liquids $A, B$ and $C$ are $12^{o}C, 19^{o}C$ and $28^{o}C$ respectively. the temperature when A and B are mixed is $16^{o}C$, when B and C are mixed is $23^{o}C$ what is the temperature when A and C are mixed 

  1. $31^{o}C$
  2. $20.26^{o}C$
  3. $19.5^{o}C$
  4. $28^{o}C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The standard fixed point for temperature measurement is used these days is :

  1. melting point of ice at S.T.P.

  2. that temperature at which ice, water and water vapour coexist

  3. that temperature at which pure ice and pure water coexist

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(B)The triple point of a substance is unique, i.e. it occurs at one particular set of values of pressure and temperature. The melting point of ice and boiling point of water are not unique. They change with change in value of pressure or due to the presence of impurities in water.

Multiple choice physics measurement and effects of heat sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The quantity of heat energy required to change the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is known as

  1. 1 joule

  2. 1 kilocalorie

  3. 1 calorie

  4. 1 ampere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water  through $ 1 ^{o}$ (from $14.5^{o}C$ to $15.5^{o}C$), is called one calorie.

Multiple choice physics measurement and effects of heat sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

One calorie is defined as

  1. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ C$
  2. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ kg$ water by $1^o\ C$
  3. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ F$
  4. The amount of power required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g water by $1^o\ C$ is called one calorie.

Multiple choice physics heat and temperature anomalous expansion of water thermal expansion in solids, liquids and gases thermal expansion

A heating coil is immersed in a 100g sample of $H _2O(l)$ at 1 atm and $100 \circ C$ in a closed vessel. In this heating process, 60% of the liquid is converted to the gaseous form at constant pressure of 1 atm. The densities of liquid and gaseous water under these conditions are $1000 kg / m^3$ and $0.60 kg /m^3$ respectively. Magnitude of the work done for the process is

  1. 4997 J

  2. 4970 J

  3. 9994 J

  4. 1060 J
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer