Physics

Thermal Properties of Matter

302 Questions

Thermal properties of matter examine how substances react to heat, covering concepts like temperature, specific heat, and phase changes. This topic is regularly tested in the physics and general science sections of competitive exams. Use this collection to solve numericals on heat transfer, thermal equilibrium, and melting points.

Heat transfer and mixingMelting and freezing pointsThermal expansion and densityTriple point of waterCarnot cycle applications

Thermal Properties of Matter Questions

Multiple choice

Water has maximum density at

  1. 0oC

  2. Room temperature

  3. 100oC

  4. 4oC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Water attains its maximum density at about 4°C because it is at that temperature hydrogen bonds form. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following particles will have the highest energy?

  1. Particles in water at 0°C

  2. Particles in water at -273 K

  3. Particles in ice at 0°C

  4. Particles in ice at -273 K
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Melting is the process of conversion of solid into liquid and the amount of heat energy required to convert 1 kg of solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point is called latent heat of fusion. When ice at 0oC melts to form water, it absorbs extra heat in the form of latent heat of fusion, i.e. water at 0oC has more heat than ice. Water exists as ice at -273 K; it will have the lowest energy at this temperature.

Multiple choice

The anomalous expansion of water can be observed in the temperature range of

  1. 0 K to 4 K

  2. 0oC to 4oC

  3. -4oC to 0oC

  4. -4oC to 6oC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The anomalous expansion of water is an abnormal property of water whereby it expands instead of contracting when the temperature goes from 4oC to 0oC and it becomes less dense. The density becomes less and less as it freezes because molecules of water normally form open crystal structures when in solid form.

Multiple choice

The density of water is maximum at

  1. 0 K

  2. 4 K

  3. 4°C

  4. 10°C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As water is cooled from 0oC to 4oC, the anomalous expansion of water takes place due to hydrogen bonding.

Multiple choice

At what temperature is the density of water maximum?

  1. 0°C

  2. 4°C
    • 4°C

  4. 100°C

  5. 50°C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When cooled from room temperature liquid water becomes increasingly dense, as with other substances, but at approximately 4°C (39°F), pure water reaches its maximum density. As it is cooled further, it expands to become less dense.