Physics

Thermal Properties of Matter

302 Questions

Thermal properties of matter examine how substances react to heat, covering concepts like temperature, specific heat, and phase changes. This topic is regularly tested in the physics and general science sections of competitive exams. Use this collection to solve numericals on heat transfer, thermal equilibrium, and melting points.

Heat transfer and mixingMelting and freezing pointsThermal expansion and densityTriple point of waterCarnot cycle applications

Thermal Properties of Matter Questions

Multiple choice conduction in metals and non-metals thermal energy transfers physics

In winter , temprature of bottom of take is 4$$C . Ratio of thermal conductance of ice and water is 2:3 and depth of the take 20 m. Find the maximum thickness os ice formed .  

  1. $\frac { 200 }{ 11 } M$
  2. $\frac { 100 }{ 8 } M$
  3. $\frac { 220 }{ 12 } M$

  4. 10 M
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice physics heat energy transfers heat energy heat, internal energy and work internal energy

How much heat energy is gained when 5kg of water at $20^{ _-^0}C$ I brought to its boiling point? (Specific heat of water = 4.2 kJ $kg^{-1} C^{-1}$) -

  1. 1680 kJ

  2. 1700 kJ

  3. 1720 kJ

  4. 1740 kJ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The heat energy required is calculated using Q = m * c * delta_T. Here, m = 5 kg, c = 4.2 kJ/kg C, and delta_T = 100 - 20 = 80 C. Thus, Q = 5 * 4.2 * 80 = 1680 kJ.

Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

Three liquids A, B and C are at temperature of $60^{o}C, 55^{o}C$ respectively $4g$ of A mixed with $3g$ of C gives $65^{o} C$ and $2g$ of A mixed with $3g$ of B gives $57^{o}C$. The temperature of the mixture when equal masses of $B$ and $C$ are mixed is 

  1. $52.1^{o}C$
  2. $55^{o}C$
  3. $52.5^{o}C$
  4. $53^{o}C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Using the principle of calorimetry (heat lost = heat gained), we can determine the relative specific heats of the liquids. Solving the equations for the mixtures allows us to find the final equilibrium temperature when B and C are mixed.

Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The temperature of equal masses of three different liquids $A, B$ and $C$ are $12^{o}C, 19^{o}C$ and $28^{o}C$ respectively. the temperature when A and B are mixed is $16^{o}C$, when B and C are mixed is $23^{o}C$ what is the temperature when A and C are mixed 

  1. $31^{o}C$
  2. $20.26^{o}C$
  3. $19.5^{o}C$
  4. $28^{o}C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the heat capacities of equal masses of liquids A, B, and C be equal, proportional to their masses. Mixing A and B gives temperature 16: (12 + 19) / 2 = 15.5, which implies different specific heats, or using calorimetry: c_A(16 - 12) = c_B(19 - 16) meaning 4 c_A = 3 c_B. Mixing B and C gives 23: c_B(23 - 19) = c_C(28 - 23) meaning 4 c_B = 5 c_C. Setting c_B = 4, we get c_A = 3 and c_C = 16/5 = 3.2. Mixing A and C gives T = (3*12 + 3.2*28) / (3 + 3.2) = (36 + 89.6) / 6.2 = 125.6 / 6.2 = 20.258 degrees Celsius.

Multiple choice physics heat - measurement sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The standard fixed point for temperature measurement is used these days is :

  1. melting point of ice at S.T.P.

  2. that temperature at which ice, water and water vapour coexist

  3. that temperature at which pure ice and pure water coexist

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(B)The triple point of a substance is unique, i.e. it occurs at one particular set of values of pressure and temperature. The melting point of ice and boiling point of water are not unique. They change with change in value of pressure or due to the presence of impurities in water.

Multiple choice physics measurement and effects of heat sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

The quantity of heat energy required to change the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is known as

  1. 1 joule

  2. 1 kilocalorie

  3. 1 calorie

  4. 1 ampere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water  through $ 1 ^{o}$ (from $14.5^{o}C$ to $15.5^{o}C$), is called one calorie.

Multiple choice physics measurement and effects of heat sources of heat introduction to heat measuring temperature

One calorie is defined as

  1. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ C$
  2. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ kg$ water by $1^o\ C$
  3. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ F$
  4. The amount of power required to raise the temperature of $1\ g$ water by $1^o\ C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g water by $1^o\ C$ is called one calorie.

Multiple choice physics heat and temperature anomalous expansion of water thermal expansion in solids, liquids and gases thermal expansion

A heating coil is immersed in a 100g sample of $H _2O(l)$ at 1 atm and $100 \circ C$ in a closed vessel. In this heating process, 60% of the liquid is converted to the gaseous form at constant pressure of 1 atm. The densities of liquid and gaseous water under these conditions are $1000 kg / m^3$ and $0.60 kg /m^3$ respectively. Magnitude of the work done for the process is

  1. 4997 J

  2. 4970 J

  3. 9994 J

  4. 1060 J
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice evs - i water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

The amount of freshwater of the earth frozen as polar or glacial ice is

  1. 0.5%

  2. 0.02%

  3. 0.01%

  4. 1.7%

  5. 2.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. 

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

The amount of freshwater of the Earth frozen as polar or glacial ice is

  1. 0.5%

  2. 0.02%

  3. 0.01%

  4. 1.97%

  5. 2.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The oceans hold 97 percent of the Earth's water, the remaining three percent is the fresh water found in glaciers and ice below the ground or in rivers and lakes. Of the three percent that is not in oceans, 69 percent is locked up in glaciers and ice caps. The 69 percent of 3 percent is roughly 2 percent of the total fresh water available on the Earth's surface. This much fresh water is locked up in glaciers as ice and snow. About 90 percent of frozen water is in Antarctica and Green land.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice physics dynamics - explaining motion system of unit summary of si units system of units

If a thermometer reads freezing point of water at 20 degree Celsius and boiling point as 150 degree Celsius, how much thermometer can read when the actual temperature is 60 degree Celsius?

  1. 98 degrees celsius

  2. 10 degree Celsius

  3. 40 degree Celsius

  4. 60 degree Celsius
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Using linear interpolation: (T - 20) / (150 - 20) = (60 - 0) / (100 - 0). (T - 20) / 130 = 60 / 100 = 0.6. T - 20 = 78, so T = 98.