Reasoning

Statement Based Reasoning

280 Questions

Test your logical reasoning skills with these statement based questions covering assumptions and courses of action. You must critically analyze administrative decisions and implicit premises. These topics are a staple in the reasoning sections of IBPS banking, SSC, and government recruitment exams.

Courses of actionImplicit assumptionsLogical reasoningStatement analysisAdministrative decisions

Statement Based Reasoning Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question below are given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.Statement: Two persons, while on their daily walks in the jogger's park ,were killed by unidentified miscreants early in the morning. Courses of action: I. The police authority should deploy police constables near the Jogger`s park to prevent such criminal acts in future. II. The citizens of the locality should go for early morning walks in groups to avoid such attacks.

  1. if only Course of action I follows.

  2. if only Course of action II follows.

  3. if either Course of action I or Course of action II follows.

  4. if neither Course of action I nor Course of action II follows.

  5. if both Courses of action I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Course of action I does NOT follow because deploying police constables is not mentioned as a practical solution and doesn't address the root cause - it's a reactive measure that may not be feasible. Course of action II follows because citizens going in groups is a practical, immediate safety measure people can implement themselves to reduce vulnerability to attacks.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question below are given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: A huge oil tanker overturned on the highway leading to the state capital and blocked most part of the highway from vehicular traffic. Courses of action:
I. The govt. should immediately constitute a high level enquiry committee to look into the matter. II. The driver of the oil tanker should immediately be arrested.

  1. if only Course of action I follows.

  2. if only Course of action II follows.

  3. if either Course of action I or Course of action II follows.

  4. if neither Course of action I nor Course of action II follows.

  5. if both Courses of action I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Course of action I does NOT follow because constituting an enquiry committee doesn't address the immediate problem of blocked traffic - it's a bureaucratic response to an urgent operational issue. Course of action II does NOT follow because immediately arresting the driver without investigation may be premature; the focus should be on clearing the highway. Neither action addresses the primary need of restoring traffic flow.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question below are given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Statement: The civic body put up a huge notice board on the beach located at an isolated part of the city as "Many picnickers died while swimming in the sea during the past few months" Assumptions: I. Picnickers may ignore the notice and continue venturing into the sea. II. Picnickers may read and be careful while venturing into the sea.

  1. if only Assumption I is implicit.

  2. if only Assumption II is implicit.

  3. if either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit.

  4. if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit.

  5. if both Assumptions I and II are implicit.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Directions: In the question below are given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Statement: The government has decided to distribute 3 kg of food-grains to every family living below poverty line for the next three months at a nominal price of Rs. 5 per kg. Assumptions: I. The govt. has enough stock to distribute food grains for the entire period. II. Families living below poverty line may be able to afford to buy food grains at Rs. 5 per kg.

  1. if only Assumption I is implicit.

  2. if only Assumption II is implicit.

  3. if either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit.

  4. if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit.

  5. if both Assumptions I and II are implicit.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Assumption I is implicit because for the government to promise distribution for 3 months, it must have (or assume it has) sufficient stock. Assumption II is implicit because the scheme pricing at Rs. 5/kg would only make sense if families below poverty line can afford this nominal price. Both assumptions are necessary for the scheme to be viable.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question below are given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Statement: The govt. has recently advised all the public sector banks to reduce rate of interest on home loans up to Rs. 25 lakhs. Assumptions: I. The public sector banks may reduce the interest on all home loans up to Rs.25 lakhs. II. People may take undue advantage of the govt.'s decision.

  1. if only Assumption I is implicit.

  2. if only Assumption II is implicit.

  3. if either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit.

  4. if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit.

  5. if both Assumptions I and II are implicit.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Assumption I is implicit because the government's advice to reduce rates is based on the expectation that banks will comply - there's no point in advising if you don't anticipate action. Assumption II is NOT implicit because the statement only mentions the rate reduction advice; there's no mention or implication of concern about potential misuse or undue advantage by borrowers.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the option that is not an effect of the given cause. Cause: Severe drought is reported to have set in several parts of the country. Which of the following cannot be a possible effect of the above cause?

  1. Food, water and fodder is sent immediately to all areas to save the people and cattle.

  2. Many people have since starved to death.

  3. The heavy movement of food, water and fodder has paralysed the communication system.

  4. Govt. has made arrangement for providing financial assistance to those affected.

  5. All of these can be the effects.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The inward traffic of emergency movement is not likely to paralyse the communication system. Transport is only a small part of communication and even that may not be paralysed.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: At least five students were killed due to a stampede in one city school as the students tried to leave the school building fearing short circuit. Courses of action: I. The principal of the school should immediately be arrested. II. The Govt. should immediately order closure of the school permanently.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only I follows.

  2. if only II follows.

  3. if either I or II follows.

  4. if neither I nor II follows.

  5. if both I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Permanently closing the school and arresting the principal would be impulsive actions without any concrete ground.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II.

A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: A major part of the local market in the city was gutted due to a short circuit causing extensive damage to goods and property. Courses of action: I. The Govt. should issue strict guidelines for all establishment regarding installation and maintenance of electrical fittings. II. The Government should relocate all the markets to the outskirts of the city.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only I follows.

  2. if only II follows.

  3. if either I or II follows.

  4. if neither I nor II follows.

  5. if both I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Relocating the markets entirely seems to be an unreasonable move whereas guiding the shop owners about safety, etc is the best thing to do in such situation.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below consistes of a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true and then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: A very large number of people gathered outside the local police station to submit a memorandum on behalf of the residents highlighting police in action in curbing incidents of theft and burglary in the neighbourhood for the past few months. Courses of action: I. The police authority should form a team of officers to talk to the representatives of the residents and assure them that proper steps will be taken to stop the menace. II. The police authority should advise the people gathered outside the police station to disburse and promise them quick action.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only I follows

  2. if only II follows

  3. if either I or II follows

  4. if neither I nor II follows

  5. if both I and II follow

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both ways are peaceful and guaranteed actions to be taken to curb the menace.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: Two local passenger trains collided while running in opposite directions on the same track as the signalling system failed for a brief period. Courses of action: I. The services of the motormen of the trains should immediately be terminated. II. The Govt. should immediately constitute a task force to review the functioning of the signalling system.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only I follows.

  2. if only II follows.

  3. if either I or II follows.

  4. if neither I nor II follows.

  5. if both I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Motorman is directly responsible for safety and proper functioning of signals. Also setting up an enquiry team is necessary to find out the cause and prevent it from happening again.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: Almost ninety percent of the flights of one of the private airline companies were cancelled for the fourth consecutive day as the pilots refused to join their duties in protest against sacking of two of their colleagues by the airline management. Courses of action: I. The management of the airline company should be ordered by the Govt. to immediately reinstate the sacked pilots to end the crisis. II. The Govt. should immediately take steps to end the impasse between the management and the pilots to help the hapless passengers.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only I follows.

  2. if only II follows.

  3. if either I or II follows.

  4. if neither I nor II follows.

  5. if both I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The pilots may have been sacked due to indiscipline or some erroneous performance. Therefore the intervention of government to bring peace seems to be the only reasonable.

Multiple choice

Directions: Below in the question are given two statements (A) and (B). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and then decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(A) Budgetary allocation for building a better railway network e.g. constructing new railway lines has increased. (B) There has been a substantial drop in the number of passengers opting for air travel.

Mark your answer as

  1. if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect

  2. if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect

  3. if both statements (A) and (B) are independent causes

  4. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of some common cause

  5. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The expensive fares may have discouraged the air travellers and hence, government plans to extend the network and improve the quality of services.

Multiple choice

Directions: Below in the question are given two statements (A) and (B). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and then decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(A) The bank has provided a link on its website to obtain feedback from customers. (B) Customers have been complaining about poor services in the bank's branches.

Mark your answer as

  1. if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect

  2. if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect

  3. if both statements (A) and (B) are independent causes

  4. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of some common cause

  5. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When Statement I is questioned "Why?", we get the answer that the bank wants to improve its services. This obviously is the reason why it elicits customer feedback. 

When Statement II is questioned "Why?", we get the answer that the customer wants to have improved services from the banks or indirecly it also wants the banks' branches to improve their services, that is the reason why he is compaining.   Hence, both statements are Effects of a common cause. 

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question, two statements are given as (A) and (B). These statements may either be independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(A) Indian citizens are willing to incur the cost of using environment friendly technology. (B) Many countries are taking steps to cut their carbon emissions.

  1. If statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect

  2. If statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect

  3. If both statements (A) and (B) are independent causes

  4. If both statements (A) and (B) are effects of some common cause

  5. If both statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Increased awareness about harm being done to the environment.

Multiple choice

Directions: Below in the question are given two statements (A) and (B). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and then decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(A) The production of pulses has dropped for the third consecutive year. (B) India has decided to import pulses this year.

Mark your answer as

  1. if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect

  2. if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect

  3. if both statements (A) and (B) are independent causes

  4. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes

  5. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of some common cause
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Staement B can be questioned "Why?" to elicit an answer to it in Statement A. Hence, statement B is the Effect and Statement A is the Cause.