Reasoning

Statement Based Reasoning

216 Questions

Test your logical reasoning skills with these statement based questions covering assumptions and courses of action. You must critically analyze administrative decisions and implicit premises. These topics are a staple in the reasoning sections of IBPS banking, SSC, and government recruitment exams.

Courses of actionImplicit assumptionsLogical reasoningStatement analysisAdministrative decisions

Statement Based Reasoning Questions

Multiple choice technology

Which of the following statements correctly states the relationship between urgency, priority and impact

  1. Impact, priority and urgency are independent of each other

  2. Urgency should be based on impact and priority

  3. Impact should be based on urgency and priority

  4. Priority should be based on impact and urgency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In ITIL incident management, priority is determined by combining two factors: impact (how widespread the incident is on business operations) and urgency (how quickly the incident needs to be resolved). Priority is therefore derived FROM impact and urgency, not the other way around. Impact and urgency are the inputs, priority is the calculated output.

Multiple choice technology

Which of the following statements correctly states the relationship between urgency, priority and impact

  1. Impact, priority and urgency are independent of each other

  2. Urgency should be based on impact and priority

  3. Impact should be based on urgency and priority

  4. Priority should be based on impact and urgency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Priority is determined by combining impact and urgency. Impact measures the extent of business effect, urgency measures how quickly resolution is needed, and priority is the calculated category that drives response. Priority = Impact + Urgency - this is the standard ITIL formula for incident prioritization.

Multiple choice

The essential conditions for the dying declaration to be relevant include the

(i) statement is made by a person as to the cause of his death. (ii) statement is made by a person as to any of the circumstances of the transaction which resulted in his death. (iii) person must have been under expectation of death at the time of making the statement.

Which of the above propositions is/are correct?

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Under Section 32(1) of the Evidence Act, a dying declaration requires only that the statement relates to the cause of death or circumstances of the transaction resulting in death. The declarant's expectation of death at the time of making the statement is NOT an essential requirement under Indian law, though it is often present in practice. What matters is that the statement concerns the cause/circumstances and the maker is now dead (making it a hearsay exception).

Multiple choice

Statement – I: Subject to Rules of Jus Cogens, local customary law can supplement or derogate from general custom. Statement – II: International law does not recognise the concept of local custom.

  1. Both the statements are individually true and Statement – II is the correct explanation of Statement – I.

  2. Both the statements are individually true, but Statement – II is not the correct explanation of Statement – I.

  3. Statement – I is true, but Statement – II is false.

  4. Statement – I is false, but Statement – II is true.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A peremptory norm (also called Jus Cogens, Latin for "compelling law") is a fundamental principle of international law which is accepted by the international community of states as a norm from which no derogation is ever permitted. States can deviate from customary international law by enacting treaties and conflicting laws, but Jus Cogens are non-derogable. 

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: A few people demanded one-man-one-post in the case of the minister, for strengthening the party and for efficient administration. Assumptions: I. No human being can be efficient in two spheres. II. A person attending to only administration or party work will be able to do much.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

I is too sweeping an assumption.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: Population limitation follows economic prosperity automatically. Assumptions: I. Poor people are against population control. II. Economic prosperity spares no time to individuals for family activities.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Neither assumption is implicit in the statement. The statement claims that economic prosperity automatically leads to population limitation, but it makes no claim about poor people's attitudes toward population control (Assumption I) or about time availability for family activities (Assumption II). These are external ideas not connected to the given statement.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: Keep your tongue and your temper in control. Rakesh is a person of few words Assumptions: I. Rakesh does not lose his temper. II. Rakesh has a control over his tongue.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The statement 'Rakesh is a person of few words' directly implies that he exercises control over his speech, which validates Assumption II. However, the statement only gives general advice about controlling temper and doesn't provide any specific information about Rakesh's temperamental behavior. Therefore, Assumption I is not implicit in the given statement.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: War begins in the minds of men, and it is in the minds of men that defence against war has to be built. Assumptions: I. Individuals are responsible for waging war. II. Wars take place because people's thinking is not on the right lines.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The statement states that 'war begins in the minds of men,' which directly implies that individuals are responsible for initiating wars - validating Assumption I. The second part about building 'defence against war' in minds suggests that current thinking needs correction, which supports Assumption II that wars occur because people's thinking is misguided. Both assumptions are logically embedded in the statement.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: Happiness is to be shared. Unhappy people suffer. Assumptions: I. Unhappy people share sufferings. II. Happy people do not suffer.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: Education and social changes are complementary, and lead to a steady loss of tradition on people's mind. Assumptions: I. There is a direct relationship between education and social change and decline of tradition on people's mind. II. Traditions can make priceless contribution to society.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

I can be directly inferred. II is irrelevant.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: The Railway authorities have decided to increase the freight charges by 10 per cent, in view of the possibility of incurring losses in the current financial year. Assumptions: I. The volume of freight during the remaining period may remain the same. II. The amount so obtained may set off a part or total of the estimated deficit.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The volume may decrease, but not proportionately.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: The first step in treating addicts is to re-establish their lost ties, for which a continuous personal attention should be paid to the addicts under treatment. Assumptions: I. Addicts under treatment respond better when shown personal interest. II. Addiction and strained relationships are intimately connected.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The statement mentions treating addicts by 're-establishing their lost ties' and requiring 'continuous personal attention.' This directly implies that addiction and strained relationships are connected (Assumption II) and that addicts respond better to personal attention (Assumption I). Both assumptions are necessary for the treatment approach described to make sense.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider each statement and assumption that follows and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer (1) if only I is implicit; (2) if only II is implicit; (3) if both I and II are implicit; (4) if neither I nor II is implicit.

Statement: If water pollution continues at its present rate, it will eventually make oxygen molecules unavailable to water plants. Assumptions: I. Water pollution affects the growth of water plants. II. Water pollution reduces the availability of oxygen in water.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The statement claims water pollution will make oxygen unavailable to water plants. For this to happen, pollution must affect plant growth (Assumption I) by reducing oxygen availability (Assumption II). Both assumptions are necessary for the consequence described - plants need oxygen, and if pollution makes it unavailable, both the effect on plants and the reduction of oxygen are implicit.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true and then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.

Statement: The dolphin population in India has been decreasing sharply over the past few years. Courses of Action: I. Dolphins should be declared an endangered species and be bred in aquariums or protected areas. II. Locals should be enlisted to protect dolphins.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only Course of action I follows.

  2. if only Course of action II follows.

  3. if either Course of action I or Course of action II follows.

  4. if neither Course of action I nor Course of action II follows.

  5. if both courses of action I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Declaring them endangered and at the same time creating groups or individual bodies will help in protecting the species.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true and then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.

Statement: Cell phone users have found that tariff plans are not as attractive as promoted by telecom companies and complained to regulatory authority about the same. Courses of Action: I. The regulatory authority should direct telecom companies to be transparent on the tariff structure of all plans. II. The government should restrict the number of telecom companies operating in the country.

Mark your answer as

  1. if only Course of action I follows.

  2. if only Course of action II follows.

  3. if either Course of action I or Course of action II follows.

  4. if neither Course of action I nor Course of action II follows.

  5. if both courses of action I and II follow.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Restricting the number of companies may not be a wise action. It in fact may lead to monopoly in the market that further may lead to adverse outcomes.