Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

What type of rock is formed when existing rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature?

  1. Igneous

  2. Sedimentary

  3. Metamorphic

  4. Foliated
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a non-foliated metamorphic rock?

  1. Slate

  2. Marble

  3. Quartzite

  4. Gneiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quartzite is an example of a non-foliated metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of sandstone.

Multiple choice

What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of shells and other marine organisms?

  1. Limestone

  2. Sandstone

  3. Granite

  4. Basalt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Limestone is formed from the accumulation of shells and other marine organisms.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common type of foliated metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of shale?

  1. Slate

  2. Marble

  3. Quartzite

  4. Gneiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Slate is a common type of foliated metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of shale.

Multiple choice

What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma at the Earth's surface?

  1. Igneous

  2. Sedimentary

  3. Metamorphic

  4. Extrusive
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Extrusive rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma at the Earth's surface.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?

  1. Basalt

  2. Granite

  3. Rhyolite

  4. Pumice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Granite is an example of an intrusive igneous rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma inside the Earth's crust.

Multiple choice

What type of rock is formed when sediments are deposited and compacted over time?

  1. Igneous

  2. Sedimentary

  3. Metamorphic

  4. Clastic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments are deposited and compacted over time.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common type of sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of sand?

  1. Sandstone

  2. Limestone

  3. Coal

  4. Basalt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sandstone is a common type of sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of sand.

Multiple choice

What type of rock is formed when limestone is subjected to high pressure and temperature?

  1. Slate

  2. Marble

  3. Quartzite

  4. Gneiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Marble is formed when limestone is subjected to high pressure and temperature.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a foliated metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of granite?

  1. Slate

  2. Marble

  3. Quartzite

  4. Gneiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gneiss is an example of a foliated metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of granite.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a cave formed by the dissolution of limestone?

  1. Lava tube

  2. Sea cave

  3. Solutional cave

  4. Glacial cave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Solutional caves are formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks, such as limestone, by acidic water.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a cave formed by the collapse of a sinkhole?

  1. Solutional cave

  2. Lava tube

  3. Sea cave

  4. Collapse cave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Collapse caves are formed by the collapse of a sinkhole, which is a depression in the ground caused by the dissolution of soluble rock.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a cave formed by the cooling and solidification of lava?

  1. Solutional cave

  2. Lava tube

  3. Sea cave

  4. Glacial cave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lava tubes are formed by the cooling and solidification of lava, creating a hollow tunnel.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of glacial deposit?

  1. Till

  2. Loess

  3. Moraine

  4. Esker
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Loess is a windblown deposit, not a glacial deposit.

Multiple choice

Which type of glacial deposit is a large boulder that has been transported by a glacier?

  1. Moraine

  2. Esker

  3. Drumlin

  4. Erratic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An erratic is a large boulder that has been transported by a glacier.