Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic landform formed by the accumulation of lava flows?

  1. Lava dome

  2. Pyroclastic flow

  3. Ash cloud

  4. Shield volcano
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Shield volcanoes are volcanic landforms formed by the accumulation of lava flows, typically resulting in broad, gently sloping structures.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the emission of a mixture of lava, ash, and gas?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Surtseyan eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Surtseyan eruptions are characterized by the emission of a mixture of lava, ash, and gas, often occurring when lava interacts with water, such as in submarine or coastal environments.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic landform formed by the accumulation of volcanic bombs and other large fragments of lava?

  1. Lava dome

  2. Pyroclastic flow

  3. Ash cloud

  4. Cinder cone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cinder cones are volcanic landforms formed by the accumulation of volcanic bombs and other large fragments of lava, typically around a central vent.

Multiple choice

What is the Pir Panjal Range made up of?

  1. Granite

  2. Limestone

  3. Sandstone

  4. Slate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Pir Panjal Range is made up of slate.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe a planet that is composed primarily of rock and metal?

  1. Terrestrial Planet

  2. Rocky Planet

  3. Metallic Planet

  4. Solid Planet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Terrestrial planets are planets that are composed primarily of rock and metal, similar to Earth.

Multiple choice

Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of molten rock?

  1. Crust

  2. Mantle

  3. Outer Core

  4. Inner Core
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The outer core is a layer of molten rock located between the mantle and the inner core.

Multiple choice

Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of solid rock?

  1. Crust

  2. Mantle

  3. Outer Core

  4. Inner Core
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Earth's crust is composed primarily of solid rock.

Multiple choice

The Eastern Ghats, a mountain range along the eastern coast of India, are primarily composed of:

  1. Granite and gneiss

  2. Limestone and sandstone

  3. Volcanic rock

  4. Sedimentary rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Eastern Ghats are primarily composed of granite and gneiss, which are hard and resistant rocks. The range is known for its rugged terrain and scenic landscapes.

Multiple choice

The Shivalik Hills, a sub-range of the Himalayas, are primarily composed of:

  1. Sandstone

  2. Limestone

  3. Granite

  4. Gneiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Shivalik Hills are primarily composed of sandstone, which is a sedimentary rock formed from sand deposits. The range is known for its rugged terrain and is home to various wildlife species.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a type of foundation?

  1. Shallow foundation

  2. Deep foundation

  3. Pile foundation

  4. Caissons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Caissons are not a type of foundation. They are a type of deep foundation element that is used to support a structure.

Multiple choice

What is the molten rock called when it is inside the Earth?

  1. Lava

  2. Magma

  3. Crust

  4. Mantle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Magma is the molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface. When it erupts onto the surface, it is called lava.

Multiple choice

Which of these is NOT a type of volcanic eruption?

  1. Hawaiian

  2. Strombolian

  3. Vulcanian

  4. Tsunami
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A tsunami is a large wave caused by an underwater earthquake or landslide, not a type of volcanic eruption.

Multiple choice

What is the name of the molten rock that flows out of a volcano during an eruption?

  1. Lava

  2. Magma

  3. Ash

  4. Tephra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lava is the molten rock that flows out of a volcano during an eruption. Magma is the molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface.

Multiple choice

Which of these is NOT a type of volcanic rock?

  1. Basalt

  2. Andesite

  3. Granite

  4. Rhyolite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Granite is not a type of volcanic rock. It is an igneous rock that is formed when magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface.

Multiple choice

Which of these is NOT a type of volcanic cone?

  1. Cinder cone

  2. Shield volcano

  3. Composite volcano

  4. Lava dome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lava domes are not a type of volcanic cone. Cinder cones, shield volcanoes, and composite volcanoes are all types of volcanic cones.