Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for a rock that has been changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Sedimentary rock

  3. Metamorphic rock

  4. Fossils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high temperatures, pressures, or chemical reactions, causing them to change their mineral composition and texture.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of living organisms?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biological weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of living organisms, such as plants and animals.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of temperature changes?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Physical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of temperature changes, which can cause rocks to expand and contract, leading to cracking and disintegration.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of ice?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Physical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of ice, which can cause rocks to freeze and thaw, leading to cracking and disintegration.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of gravity?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Physical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of gravity, which can cause rocks to fall and break apart.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of plants and animals?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biological weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of plants and animals, such as the growth of roots and the burrowing of animals.

Multiple choice

What is the primary component of a comet's nucleus?

  1. Ice

  2. Dust

  3. Rock

  4. Gas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The nucleus of a comet is primarily composed of ice, including water ice, carbon dioxide ice, and other frozen gases.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a major reservoir of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle?

  1. Rocks and Minerals

  2. Oceans

  3. Living Organisms

  4. Atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The atmosphere is not a major reservoir of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle because phosphorus is not present in significant quantities in the atmosphere.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a major reservoir of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle?

  1. Rocks and Minerals

  2. Oceans

  3. Living Organisms

  4. Atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The atmosphere is not a major reservoir of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle because phosphorus is not present in significant quantities in the atmosphere.

Multiple choice

Which geological formation is commonly used to study past sea levels?

  1. Sandstone

  2. Limestone

  3. Coral reefs

  4. Shale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Coral reefs are commonly used to study past sea levels because they are sensitive to changes in sea level and leave behind distinct geological formations.

Multiple choice

What is the primary component of comets?

  1. Rock

  2. Ice

  3. Gas

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Comets are composed of a mixture of rock, ice, and gas.

Multiple choice

What is the tail of a comet made of?

  1. Gas and dust

  2. Rock and ice

  3. Plasma

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The tail of a comet is made of gas and dust that is expelled from the nucleus as the comet approaches the Sun.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of cleavage?

  1. Slate cleavage

  2. Schistosity

  3. Gneissosity

  4. Foliation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cleavage is a type of foliation that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals in a rock. Slate cleavage, schistosity, and gneissosity are all types of cleavage, but foliation is a general term that refers to any type of foliation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of foliation?

  1. Banding

  2. Lamination

  3. Lineation

  4. Gneissosity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Foliation is a type of rock fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals. Banding, lamination, and gneissosity are all types of foliation, but lineation is a type of linear fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals or mineral grains.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of rock fabric?

  1. Foliation

  2. Lineation

  3. Schistosity

  4. Gneissosity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rock fabric is a term that refers to the overall arrangement of minerals and mineral grains in a rock. Foliation, lineation, and gneissosity are all types of rock fabric, but schistosity is a type of foliation.