Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of gravity?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Physical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of gravity, which can cause rocks to fall and break apart.

Multiple choice

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks by the action of plants and animals?

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biological weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by the action of plants and animals, such as the growth of roots and the burrowing of animals.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of cleavage?

  1. Slate cleavage

  2. Schistosity

  3. Gneissosity

  4. Foliation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cleavage is a type of foliation that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals in a rock. Slate cleavage, schistosity, and gneissosity are all types of cleavage, but foliation is a general term that refers to any type of foliation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of foliation?

  1. Banding

  2. Lamination

  3. Lineation

  4. Gneissosity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Foliation is a type of rock fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals. Banding, lamination, and gneissosity are all types of foliation, but lineation is a type of linear fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals or mineral grains.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of rock fabric?

  1. Foliation

  2. Lineation

  3. Schistosity

  4. Gneissosity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rock fabric is a term that refers to the overall arrangement of minerals and mineral grains in a rock. Foliation, lineation, and gneissosity are all types of rock fabric, but schistosity is a type of foliation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of glacial deposit?

  1. Till

  2. Loess

  3. Outwash

  4. Drumlins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Loess is a type of wind-blown sediment, not a glacial deposit. Till, outwash, and drumlins are all types of glacial deposits.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a volcanic landform?

  1. Lava domes

  2. Cinder cones

  3. Shield volcanoes

  4. Calderas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Volcanic landforms are those that are formed by the eruption of magma or lava. Lava domes are a type of volcanic landform that is formed by the eruption of viscous lava.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a type of meteorite?

  1. Stony

  2. Iron

  3. Stony-iron

  4. Glassy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Meteorites are classified into three main types: stony, iron, and stony-iron. Glassy meteorites are not a recognized type.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common landform found on the Earth's surface?

  1. Mountains

  2. Valleys

  3. Rivers

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mountains, valleys, and rivers are all common landforms found on the Earth's surface. Mountains are elevated areas of land. Valleys are low-lying areas of land between mountains. Rivers are channels of water that flow across the Earth's surface.

Multiple choice

What is the tail of a comet composed of?

  1. Dust and gas

  2. Rock and ice

  3. Plasma and radiation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The tail of a comet is composed of dust, gas, plasma, and radiation, which are expelled from the comet's nucleus as it approaches the Sun.

Multiple choice

What is the composition of the nucleus of a comet?

  1. Rock and ice

  2. Dust and gas

  3. Plasma and radiation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The nucleus of a comet is primarily composed of rock and ice, with varying proportions of dust, gas, and other materials.

Multiple choice

What are some of the common types of geologic cross-sections?

  1. Balanced cross-sections

  2. Unbalanced cross-sections

  3. Restored cross-sections

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Some of the common types of geologic cross-sections include balanced cross-sections, unbalanced cross-sections, and restored cross-sections.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common type of reservoir rock?

  1. Sandstone

  2. Limestone

  3. Igneous rock

  4. Shale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are not typically considered reservoir rocks due to their low porosity and permeability, which hinder the storage and flow of hydrocarbons.

Multiple choice

What type of cave is formed by the dissolution of limestone by water?

  1. Lava tube

  2. Sea cave

  3. Solutional cave

  4. Glacial cave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Solutional caves are the most common type of cave, formed when water dissolves limestone or other soluble rock.

Multiple choice

What type of cave is formed by the flow of lava through a volcanic vent?

  1. Lava tube

  2. Sea cave

  3. Solutional cave

  4. Glacial cave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lava tubes are formed when lava flows through a volcanic vent and then cools and hardens, leaving a hollow tube.