Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the ejection of incandescent fragments of lava?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Hawaiian eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Strombolian eruptions are characterized by the ejection of incandescent fragments of lava, known as scoria, which are typically less than 2 meters in diameter.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic rock formed from the rapid cooling of lava on the Earth's surface?

  1. Basalt

  2. Andesite

  3. Rhyolite

  4. Obsidian
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Obsidian is a volcanic rock formed from the rapid cooling of lava on the Earth's surface, resulting in a glassy texture and sharp edges.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the emission of large, blocky fragments of lava?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Hawaiian eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanian eruptions are characterized by the emission of large, blocky fragments of lava, known as bombs, which are typically more than 2 meters in diameter.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic landform formed by the accumulation of volcanic ash and other pyroclastic material?

  1. Lava dome

  2. Pyroclastic flow

  3. Ash cloud

  4. Tephra cone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tephra cones are volcanic landforms formed by the accumulation of volcanic ash and other pyroclastic material, typically around a central vent.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the emission of a mixture of ash, gas, and rock fragments?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Hawaiian eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pelean eruptions are characterized by the emission of a mixture of ash, gas, and rock fragments, forming a dense cloud known as a pyroclastic flow.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic rock formed from the slow cooling of magma beneath the Earth's surface?

  1. Basalt

  2. Andesite

  3. Rhyolite

  4. Granite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Granite is a volcanic rock formed from the slow cooling of magma beneath the Earth's surface, resulting in a coarse-grained texture and a variety of mineral compositions.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the emission of large volumes of ash, forming a dark cloud that blocks sunlight?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Plinian eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plinian eruptions are characterized by the emission of large volumes of ash, forming a dark cloud that blocks sunlight and can reach high altitudes.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic landform formed by the accumulation of lava flows?

  1. Lava dome

  2. Pyroclastic flow

  3. Ash cloud

  4. Shield volcano
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Shield volcanoes are volcanic landforms formed by the accumulation of lava flows, typically resulting in broad, gently sloping structures.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by the emission of a mixture of lava, ash, and gas?

  1. Pelean eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Surtseyan eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Surtseyan eruptions are characterized by the emission of a mixture of lava, ash, and gas, often occurring when lava interacts with water, such as in submarine or coastal environments.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a volcanic landform formed by the accumulation of volcanic bombs and other large fragments of lava?

  1. Lava dome

  2. Pyroclastic flow

  3. Ash cloud

  4. Cinder cone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cinder cones are volcanic landforms formed by the accumulation of volcanic bombs and other large fragments of lava, typically around a central vent.

Multiple choice

What is the Pir Panjal Range made up of?

  1. Granite

  2. Limestone

  3. Sandstone

  4. Slate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Pir Panjal Range is made up of slate.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe a planet that is composed primarily of rock and metal?

  1. Terrestrial Planet

  2. Rocky Planet

  3. Metallic Planet

  4. Solid Planet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Terrestrial planets are planets that are composed primarily of rock and metal, similar to Earth.

Multiple choice

Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of molten rock?

  1. Crust

  2. Mantle

  3. Outer Core

  4. Inner Core
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The outer core is a layer of molten rock located between the mantle and the inner core.

Multiple choice

Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of solid rock?

  1. Crust

  2. Mantle

  3. Outer Core

  4. Inner Core
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Earth's crust is composed primarily of solid rock.

Multiple choice

The Eastern Ghats, a mountain range along the eastern coast of India, are primarily composed of:

  1. Granite and gneiss

  2. Limestone and sandstone

  3. Volcanic rock

  4. Sedimentary rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Eastern Ghats are primarily composed of granite and gneiss, which are hard and resistant rocks. The range is known for its rugged terrain and scenic landscapes.