Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the appropriate answer from the options given below:-

Which among is true about the quartz?

  1. It consist of silica

  2. It is used in radio and radar

  3. Important component of the granite

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All statements are correct about quartz: (1) Quartz consists entirely of silica (SiO2), (2) Due to its piezoelectric properties, quartz is used in radio and radar equipment for frequency control, and (3) Quartz is a major component of granite, typically making up 20-60% of the rock. These properties make quartz one of the most economically significant minerals.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the appropriate answer from the options given below:-

Which mineral is mainly used in the igneous and metamorphic rocks?

  1. Amphibole

  2. Quartz

  3. Pyroxene

  4. Mica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mica is predominantly found in both igneous and metamorphic rocks, occurring as sheets or flakes due to its perfect basal cleavage. While quartz and pyroxene are common in igneous rocks, and amphibole in metamorphic rocks, mica is distinctive for being abundant in BOTH rock types. Biotite and muscovite are the two most common mica minerals.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the appropriate answer from the options given below:-

Which among is wrong about the mineral Mica?

  1. It forms the 4 % of the earths crust

  2. It is used in the electrical instruments

  3. It comprises of potassium, aluminum, magnesium, iron and silica

  4. Hornblende is another form of the Mica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hornblende is an amphibole mineral, not a form of mica. Mica is a distinct silicate mineral group (phyllosilicates) known for its perfect basal cleavage, while hornblende belongs to the amphibole group with different crystal structure and properties. The other statements about mica are factually correct.

Multiple choice

The term ‘rock’ comprises

  1. an aggregate of minerals, usually two or more

  2. a naturally occurring mass of solid, inorganic or organic

  3. a firm and coherent mass of the earth’s crust

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Correct option is (4). 

Multiple choice

Directions: Select the pair with same relation

TRIASSIC: JURASSIC

  1. Granitic: Basaltic

  2. Troposphere: Stratosphere

  3. Igneous: Metamorphic

  4. Oceanic: Atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Triassic and Jurassic are consecutive geological periods in Earth's history (Triassic comes before Jurassic). The relationship is 'sequential time periods'. Similarly, troposphere and stratosphere are consecutive layers of Earth's atmosphere (troposphere is below stratosphere).

Multiple choice

How can we calculate the age of rock?

  1. By determining the presence of lead

  2. By determining the presence of ammonia

  3. Both 1 & 2

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The age of rocks can be calculated through radiometric dating, particularly by measuring the presence of lead isotopes that result from the radioactive decay of uranium. Lead-lead dating is a specific method used in geological dating.

Multiple choice

Silicon, aluminium and magnesium are the chief elements of the _________.

  1. asthenosphere

  2. lithosphere

  3. mantle

  4. core

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The lithosphere (Earth's crust and uppermost mantle) is primarily composed of silicate minerals rich in silicon, aluminum, and magnesium. These elements form the backbone of common rocks like granite and basalt, while the asthenosphere (deeper mantle), and core have different dominant compositions.

Multiple choice

_____are a group of small bodies made up of rocks and metals which revolve around the sun.

  1. Meteors

  2. Meteorites

  3. Asteroids

  4. Constellation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Asteroids are small rocky/metallic bodies that orbit the Sun, primarily found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Meteors are light phenomena caused by burning space debris, meteorites are asteroids that have reached Earth's surface, and constellations are patterns of stars.

Multiple choice

If the meteors strike the surface of the Earth, they are called as ______.

  1. meteors

  2. meteoroids

  3. meteorites

  4. asterpods
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When meteoroids survive atmospheric entry and strike Earth's surface, they are called meteorites. 'Meteors' are the light phenomena created by burning debris in the atmosphere, 'meteoroids' are the space objects before atmospheric entry, and 'asterpods' is not a standard scientific term.

Multiple choice

The element present in the largest amount in rocks and minerals is

  1. carbon

  2. silicon

  3. hydrogen

  4. aluminium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Silicon is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 28% of its mass. It's primarily found in silicate minerals which are the main constituents of rocks. While oxygen is the most abundant element overall by mass, silicon dominates the rock and mineral composition specifically.