Reading Comprehension

Which word in the passage can replace the word 'reprocessed'?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Did you know that around 270 eucalyptus trees or 460 bamboo plants per tonne of paper produced are saved by the manufacture of handmade paper? Are you aware that handmade paper helps in preventing water, land and air pollution because very small quantities of chemicals are used compared to the large quantity of polluting chemicals used by paper mills?  

Handmade paper is an eco-friendly product and the demand for it is growing rapidly in the world. It is considered the best form of recycled paper. Not only does it have an elegant and exquisite surface for writing but is very strong and almost indestructible. Artists find it has an unmatched texture for drawing.

Paper manufacturing is one of the traditional industries of the world and its invention in China dates back to 105 AD. Indians probably used paper made from cellulose fibres during the third century AD. Before this period the leaves of palm trees were used in India. Papyrus, a kind of paper made from a reed of the same name that grew on the banks of the River Nile, was used in Egypt.

The handmade paper industry, which flourished in India during the Mughal period, declined with the establishment of paper mills in the 18th and 19th centuries. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, it was revived during the freedom movement. Today it is a growing industry producing paper worth crores of rupees.

In learning English as a subject, new items in the language are controlled so that

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

In the past, learning English as a separate subject seemed relatively easy. The textbook selected and graded items of language, which were put into context and then practiced intensively. New items were carefully controlled so that the student could cope quite easily. Now that English is used as a medium of instruction, however, all this has changed. Unknown items of grammar and vocabulary appear in texts which attempt to explain new and often difficult information. Difficulties as regards the language interact with difficulties as regards the subject matter. The student's reading in his own subject slows down, and his comprehension becomes less secure. He expresses himself slowly and often fails to convey his ideas exactly. He is disappointed to find that under pressure he makes a lot of unnecessary mistakes in areas where he knows the correct language forms. His social relations are difficult as he cannot find the right phrase quickly enough to keep a conversation going. So his language often betrays him into dullness, coldness, or worst of all, rudeness. Instead of the student being in control of the language, the language seems now to be in control of the student.
All this can be very depressing and the student can start to feel anxious. Working in a foreign language is also very tiring, and the concentration and self-­discipline required to correct one's mistake is very great indeed.

Mahatma Gandhi ________________.

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Did you know that around 270 eucalyptus trees or 460 bamboo plants per tonne of paper produced are saved by the manufacture of handmade paper? Are you aware that handmade paper helps in preventing water, land and air pollution because very small quantities of chemicals are used compared to the large quantity of polluting chemicals used by paper mills?  

Handmade paper is an eco-friendly product and the demand for it is growing rapidly in the world. It is considered the best form of recycled paper. Not only does it have an elegant and exquisite surface for writing but is very strong and almost indestructible. Artists find it has an unmatched texture for drawing.

Paper manufacturing is one of the traditional industries of the world and its invention in China dates back to 105 AD. Indians probably used paper made from cellulose fibres during the third century AD. Before this period the leaves of palm trees were used in India. Papyrus, a kind of paper made from a reed of the same name that grew on the banks of the River Nile, was used in Egypt.

The handmade paper industry, which flourished in India during the Mughal period, declined with the establishment of paper mills in the 18th and 19th centuries. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, it was revived during the freedom movement. Today it is a growing industry producing paper worth crores of rupees.

Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as an advantage of handmade paper?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Did you know that around 270 eucalyptus trees or 460 bamboo plants per tonne of paper produced are saved by the manufacture of handmade paper? Are you aware that handmade paper helps in preventing water, land and air pollution because very small quantities of chemicals are used compared to the large quantity of polluting chemicals used by paper mills?  

Handmade paper is an eco-friendly product and the demand for it is growing rapidly in the world. It is considered the best form of recycled paper. Not only does it have an elegant and exquisite surface for writing but is very strong and almost indestructible. Artists find it has an unmatched texture for drawing.

Paper manufacturing is one of the traditional industries of the world and its invention in China dates back to 105 AD. Indians probably used paper made from cellulose fibres during the third century AD. Before this period the leaves of palm trees were used in India. Papyrus, a kind of paper made from a reed of the same name that grew on the banks of the River Nile, was used in Egypt.

The handmade paper industry, which flourished in India during the Mughal period, declined with the establishment of paper mills in the 18th and 19th centuries. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, it was revived during the freedom movement. Today it is a growing industry producing paper worth crores of rupees.

The student's language use often betrays him to dullness or coldness because

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

In the past, learning English as a separate subject seemed relatively easy. The textbook selected and graded items of language, which were put into context and then practiced intensively. New items were carefully controlled so that the student could cope quite easily. Now that English is used as a medium of instruction, however, all this has changed. Unknown items of grammar and vocabulary appear in texts which attempt to explain new and often difficult information. Difficulties as regards the language interact with difficulties as regards the subject matter. The student's reading in his own subject slows down, and his comprehension becomes less secure. He expresses himself slowly and often fails to convey his ideas exactly. He is disappointed to find that under pressure he makes a lot of unnecessary mistakes in areas where he knows the correct language forms. His social relations are difficult as he cannot find the right phrase quickly enough to keep a conversation going. So his language often betrays him into dullness, coldness, or worst of all, rudeness. Instead of the student being in control of the language, the language seems now to be in control of the student.
All this can be very depressing and the student can start to feel anxious. Working in a foreign language is also very tiring, and the concentration and self-­discipline required to correct one's mistake is very great indeed.

According to the passage, the main reward for a foreign language learner is

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

'Discipline' as used in the above passage means

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Which of the following skills is/are required to understand philosophical concepts?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Which of the following is/are referred to by the term 'tool'?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

THE COLA WARS
The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants to supply of colas to big countries. The rivalry is for global control.

This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds. The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what is the ‘evil’. Both Coca Cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. Despite all the convulsive episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in their court, the consumer is still undecided who rules the market.

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch new products. The companies are daily remodelling their marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They are trying to increase the market share in other beverage categories. The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked to an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new market (foreign) that they could. The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture youth’s fancy by using celebrities. Whereas Coke is a leader in sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in its kitty.

Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture the youth’s fancy by

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

THE COLA WARS
The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants to supply of colas to big countries. The rivalry is for global control.

This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds. The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what is the ‘evil’. Both Coca Cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. Despite all the convulsive episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in their court, the consumer is still undecided who rules the market.

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch new products. The companies are daily remodelling their marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They are trying to increase the market share in other beverage categories. The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked to an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new market (foreign) that they could. The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture youth’s fancy by using celebrities. Whereas Coke is a leader in sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in its kitty.

The rivalry between the two companies is for

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

THE COLA WARS
The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants to supply of colas to big countries. The rivalry is for global control.

This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds. The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what is the ‘evil’. Both Coca Cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. Despite all the convulsive episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in their court, the consumer is still undecided who rules the market.

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch new products. The companies are daily remodelling their marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They are trying to increase the market share in other beverage categories. The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked to an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new market (foreign) that they could. The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture youth’s fancy by using celebrities. Whereas Coke is a leader in sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in its kitty.

An appropriate title of the article from which the above passage is taken could be

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

Even though Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked, both have

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

THE COLA WARS
The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants to supply of colas to big countries. The rivalry is for global control.

This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds. The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what is the ‘evil’. Both Coca Cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. Despite all the convulsive episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in their court, the consumer is still undecided who rules the market.

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch new products. The companies are daily remodelling their marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They are trying to increase the market share in other beverage categories. The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked to an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new market (foreign) that they could. The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture youth’s fancy by using celebrities. Whereas Coke is a leader in sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in its kitty.

The word 'allure' means

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given question:

THE COLA WARS
The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants to supply of colas to big countries. The rivalry is for global control.

This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds. The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what is the ‘evil’. Both Coca Cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. Despite all the convulsive episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in their court, the consumer is still undecided who rules the market.

The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch new products. The companies are daily remodelling their marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They are trying to increase the market share in other beverage categories. The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi had innovative advertising ideas, which Coca Cola lacked to an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new market (foreign) that they could. The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture youth’s fancy by using celebrities. Whereas Coke is a leader in sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in its kitty.