Physics · Chemistry

Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics

519 Questions

Radioactivity and nuclear physics encompass the study of radioactive decay processes, neutron to proton ratios, and nuclear medicine. Questions cover various detection mechanisms, including scintillation counters and neutrino telescopes. These concepts are frequently tested in advanced science and civil services examinations.

Radioactive decayNuclear medicineParticle detectionNeutrino telescopesCosmic ray detection

Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics Questions

Multiple choice biology towards green energy solar power plant generation of electricity production of electricity from solar energy

Which of the following were released during accidental leakage in Chernobyl, the three-mile island?

  1. Low-level radiations

  2. Intermediate level radiation

  3. High level radiation

  4. No radiations were released
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Accidental leakage in Chernobyl nuclear power plant occur in April 26, 1986. Due to this high level radiation is get leaked out which cause long term health impact eg cancer and body deformation.

So, the correct option is 'High level radiation'.

Multiple choice biology towards green energy solar power plant generation of electricity production of electricity from solar energy

Assertion: X and Y rays are emitted by disintegration of atomic nuclei of radioactive elements Reason: Nuclear fall out is shown by radioactive elements

  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The assertion is true because radioactive decay involves the emission of alpha, beta, and gamma rays. The reason is also true as radioactive elements do cause fallout, but the fallout itself is a consequence of the decay, not the mechanism that explains why the rays are emitted.

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

A scientist carries out an experiment using a sealed source which emits $\beta$ -particles. The range of the $\beta$- particles in the air is about $30cm$.
Which precaution is the most effective to protect the scientist from the radiation?

  1. handling the source with long tongs

  2. keeping the temperature of the source low

  3. opening all windows in the laboratory

  4. washing his hands before leaving the laboratory
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Handling the source with long tongs will prevent him from the exposure of $\beta$- particles. Since the range of $\beta$-particle is only $30cm$ so, long tongs can easily be a safer and effective precaution.

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

Name the following nuclear reaction :
$ _{92}U^{238}(\alpha, 6p, 13n) _{88}Ra^{228}$

  1. particle-particle reaction

  2. capture reaction

  3. fission reaction

  4. separation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The reaction shows a heavy nucleus being bombarded and breaking down into a lighter nucleus with the emission of multiple protons and neutrons. This process of splitting or breaking down is characteristic of nuclear separation or fission-like processes.

Multiple choice chemistry energy production nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

Assertion (A) : Fragments produced in the fission of $U^{235}$ are radioactive
Reason (R) : The fragments have abnormally high proton to neutron ratio

  1. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A

  2. Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A

  3. A is true but R is false

  4. A is false but R is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fragments produced in the fission of $U^{235}$ are radioactive.
The fragments have the neutron of proton ratio about 1.6.
So, Assertion is correct but reason is false.

Multiple choice

The geiger counter was developed in 1912.  What does it detect?

  1. Oxygen

  2. Carbon monoxide

  3. Radiation

  4. Sunlight
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A Geiger counter is an instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation, such as alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. It works by detecting the ionization produced in a Geiger-Muller tube by the incoming radiation. It does not measure gases like oxygen or carbon monoxide, nor does it measure sunlight.

Multiple choice

U

  1. uranium

  2. radon

  3. neptunium

  4. sodium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

On the periodic table, U is the chemical symbol for uranium, a heavy, radioactive metal. Radon is represented by Rn, neptunium by Np, and sodium by Na.

Multiple choice

What does a Geiger counter detect?

  1. magnetic force

  2. distance

  3. salt levels in water

  4. radioactivity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A Geiger counter is an instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation.