Physics · Chemistry

Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics

519 Questions

Radioactivity and nuclear physics encompass the study of radioactive decay processes, neutron to proton ratios, and nuclear medicine. Questions cover various detection mechanisms, including scintillation counters and neutrino telescopes. These concepts are frequently tested in advanced science and civil services examinations.

Radioactive decayNuclear medicineParticle detectionNeutrino telescopesCosmic ray detection

Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics Questions

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 24?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Radium is a radioactive element. Let us see what “radioactive” _____ (21) ____. Radioactive elements do not change from year to year. But a few of the heaviest atoms break down and change into other kinds. This breakdown or ____ (22) _____ is called “radio activity”. Each radioactive element disintegrates by giving off rays at a certain rate. This rate cannot be _____ (23) ____ or slowed down by any known method. Some changes occur rapidly, others slowly, but in all cases the action cannot be _____ (24) ______ by man.

  1. diagnosed

  2. controlled

  3. caused

  4. highlighted
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sentence means to say that man cannot regulate the changes. Hence, (2) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 22?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Radium is a radioactive element. Let us see what “radioactive” _____ (21) ____. Radioactive elements do not change from year to year. But a few of the heaviest atoms break down and change into other kinds. This breakdown or ____ (22) _____ is called “radio activity”. Each radioactive element disintegrates by giving off rays at a certain rate. This rate cannot be _____ (23) ____ or slowed down by any known method. Some changes occur rapidly, others slowly, but in all cases the action cannot be _____ (24) ______ by man.

  1. tear off

  2. failure

  3. decay

  4. build up
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Here we are looking for a similar meaning word as decay, which out of the four given options is 'decay'.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 23?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Radium is a radioactive element. Let us see what “radioactive” _____ (21) ____. Radioactive elements do not change from year to year. But a few of the heaviest atoms break down and change into other kinds. This breakdown or ____ (22) _____ is called “radio activity”. Each radioactive element disintegrates by giving off rays at a certain rate. This rate cannot be _____ (23) ____ or slowed down by any known method. Some changes occur rapidly, others slowly, but in all cases the action cannot be _____ (24) ______ by man.

  1. moved

  2. changed

  3. speeded up

  4. explained
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The sentence is talking about any kind of change and the possible changes are slowing down. Or speeding up. Since the former is already mentioned, the correct answer is (3) speeded up.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 21?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Radium is a radioactive element. Let us see what “radioactive” _____ (21) ____. Radioactive elements do not change from year to year. But a few of the heaviest atoms break down and change into other kinds. This breakdown or ____ (22) _____ is called “radio activity”. Each radioactive element disintegrates by giving off rays at a certain rate. This rate cannot be _____ (23) ____ or slowed down by any known method. Some changes occur rapidly, others slowly, but in all cases the action cannot be _____ (24) ______ by man.

  1. explains

  2. gives

  3. means

  4. answers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The next sentence explains the meaning of radioactive element. Therefore, the correct option is 'means'.

Multiple choice

How is fluence expressed?

  1. Joules

  2. TRT

  3. Rubys

  4. Lipolysis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fluence is a measure of energy density, typically expressed in Joules per square centimeter (J/cm^2).

Multiple choice physics nuclear physics hazards and safety measures of radiations harmful effects and safety precautions for radiations energy production

Match the following :

Radio isotope Cures disease
i) Radio sodium a) Thyroid gland
ii) Radio phosphorus b) Cancer
iii) Radio cobalt circulation c) Blocks in blood
iv) Radio iodine d) Leukamia

  1. i-c, ii-b, iii-a, iv-d

  2. i-a, ii-c, iii-b,iv-d

  3. i-c, ii-d, iii-b, iv-a

  4. i-d, ii-b, iii-c, iv-a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Thyroid disease is cured using - Radio Iodine
Cancer - Radioactive Cobalt circulation (Chemo)
Blocks in blood - Radio Sodium
Leukemia - Radio Phosphorus
Hence option C is correct.

Multiple choice physics nuclear physics hazards and safety measures of radiations harmful effects and safety precautions for radiations energy production

Fill in the blank.

Radioactive contamination can enter the body through ____________.

  1. inhalation

  2. ingestion

  3. absorption

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

D

Radioactive contamination can enter into the body through inhalation, ingestion and absorption. It causes serious biological effects to our body. Radioactive waves are capable to enter the body directly through penetration. It can also be inhaled or ingested. 

Multiple choice physics nuclear physics hazards and safety measures of radiations harmful effects and safety precautions for radiations energy production

The rad is the correct unit used to report the measurement of 

  1. the rate of decay of radioactive source

  2. the ability of a beam of gamma ray photons to produce ions in a target

  3. the energy delivered by radiation to a target.

  4. the biological effect of radiation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rad is the unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation. One rad is equal approximately to the absorbed dose delivered when soft tissue is exposed to one-roentgen of medium-voltage radiation.  Thus this is the bilogical effect of radiation. 

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics types of radioactivity nuclear chemistry and radioactivity radioactivity

The radioactive isotope used in the treatment of cancer has to be a good source of ________ radiations.

  1. $\beta$
  2. $\alpha$
  3. $\gamma$
  4. $IR$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

X-rays, gamma rays and beta particles are all used in medicine to treat internal organs. X-rays are produced by firing electrons at a metal target and gamma rays are emitted by the nucleus of radioactive atoms. Gamma rays are used to kill cancer cells, to sterilize medical equipment and in radioactive tracers.

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics types of radioactivity nuclear chemistry and radioactivity radioactivity

Radioactive nuclei injected into a patient collect at certain sites within the body,undergo radioactive decay and emit electromagnetic radiation.These radiations can then be recorded by a detector.This procedure provides an important diagnostic toll called

  1. Gamma camera

  2. CAT scan

  3. Radio tracer technique

  4. Gamma ray spectroscopy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tracers are a common application of radioisotopes. A tracer is a radioactive element whose pathway through which a chemical reaction can be followed. Tracers are commonly used in the medical field and in the study of plants and animals. Radioactive Iodine-131 can be used to study the function of the thyroid gland assisting in detecting disease.