Biology

Pregnancy and Childbirth

996 Questions

This hub covers essential biology questions on pregnancy, fetal development, and childbirth. Topics include the placenta, maternal physiology, and the stages of labor. These concepts are frequently tested in general science sections of various competitive examinations.

Placenta and fetal nutritionStages of laborMaternal immune systemPregnancy complications

Pregnancy and Childbirth Questions

Multiple choice

The type of placenta found in human beings is :

  1. diffuse

  2. zonary

  3. cotyledonary

  4. meta discoidal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 The type of placenta found in human beings is metaiscoidal type. The early blastocyst is first of all covered with villi but later they disappear from its free surface, persisting on a small disc-shaped area, attached to the uterine wall.

Multiple choice

Amniocentesis involves the analysis of :

  1. amnion

  2. body fluid of amniotes

  3. amniotic fluid

  4. amino acids of protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The technique which makes use of amniotic fluid for the detection of gentic disorders is called amniocentesis. This process involves the removal of some amniotic fluid form around the foetus by means of slender needle inserted throguh the abdomen of the mother. It is used throuhg the abdomen of the mother. It is used to detect any hereditary disease in embryo. 

Multiple choice

Gestation period is the time between

  1. birth and puberty

  2. birth and fertilisation

  3. the foetus forming and being born

  4. fertilisation and birth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gestation period is the time between fertilisation and birth of the young ones.For most species, the amount a fetus grows before birth determines the length of the gestation period.

Multiple choice

Test tube baby means

  1. development of baby in a test tube

  2. that fertilisation is internal and the subsequent development of zygote is external

  3. that fertilisation is external and the subsequent development of zygote is internal

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Test tube baby means that fertilisation is external and the subsequent development of zygote is internal.The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, removing ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a liquid in a laboratory. The fertilised egg (zygote) is cultured for 2–6 days in a growth medium and is then implanted in the same or another woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.

Multiple choice

The structure Placenta is an association of tissues between the

  1. oviducal wall of the mother and uterine wall of the foetus

  2. oviducal wall of both mother and foetus

  3. uterine walls of both mother and foetus

  4. uterine walls of mother and some other parts of foetus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The structure Placenta is an association of tissues between the uterine walls of the mother and some other parts of foetus.

Multiple choice
A fetus is ______ when it has developed to the point that it can survive outside the mother's womb.

Directions: The sentence below has two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five sets of words labelled from (1) to (5). Choose the set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

  1. absurd

  2. viable

  3. vain

  4. infeasible

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

'Viable' means able to live or survive. Thus option (2) is correct. All other options are unrelated.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are not correct?

  1. Immunoglobulin E is the most abundant immunoglobulin.
  2. Immunoglobulin G is the only antibody to cross placenta.
  3. Immunoglobulin M is the largest immunoglobulin.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Immunoglobulin G is most abundant Immunoglobulins (80% of the total Immunoglobulins) whereas Immunoglobulin E is the least abundant immunoglobulins (0.1% of the total Immunoglobulins).

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a true statement in an otherwise normal gestation in human beings?

  1. In the presence of SRY, a female phenotype will develop.

  2. In the absence of SRY, a female phenotype will develop.

  3. SRY is located on the X chromosome.

  4. Only one X chromosome is necessary for normal ovarian development.

  5. In humans, birth normally occurs at a gestational age of about 36 weeks.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is correct. If SRY is absent, a fetus will develop into a female phenotype.

Multiple choice

Maternal physiologic adaptations to pregnancy include all of the following except ________.

  1. vasodilatation

  2. increased tidal volume

  3. decreased renal glomerular filtration

  4. darkening of the skin on the cheeks

  5. increase in plasma volume
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Renal glomerular filtration increases rather than decreases during pregnancy. Consider that during pregnancy the maternal circulating blood volume increases and along with that comes an increase in the renal blood flow simply because of the increased volume. An increase in renal blood flow correlates with an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. Filtration increases by as much as 50% by mid-pregnancy.

Multiple choice

Which type of placenta occurs in monkeys?

  1. Bidiscoidal placenta

  2. Discoidal placenta

  3. Zonary placenta

  4. Cotyledonary placenta

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Here the placenta consists of two disc-shaped villous areas.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is not true about the role of placenta?

  1. Hormones like insulin, steroids, thyroid hormones, etc. cross the placenta at a very slow rate.

  2. Excretory wastes such as urea, uric acid and creatinine from the fetus are excreted to the maternal blood through placenta by diffusion.

  3. Intake of oxygen and out-take of carbon dioxide occurs by simple diffusion across the fetal membrane.

  4. The placenta during first half of pregnancy is permeable to bacteria and macromolecules.

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is not true as the placenta is impermeable to bacteria and macromolecules. Therefore, it reduces the chances of appearance of maternal ill health on the fetus.

Multiple choice

What is correct about amniocentesis?

  1. Intrauterine diagnosis

  2. Withdrawal of allantoic fluid from pregnant women.

  3. Chemical analysis of fluids of pregnant women.

  4. Culturing amniotic cells and study of metaphasic chromosomes to identify chromosomal abnormality.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used for prenatal diagnosis. It involves extracting amniotic fluid to analyze the fetal cells for chromosomal abnormalities.