Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Binomial nomenclature means writing the names of organisms in two words denoting their:

  1. genus and species

  2. species and races

  3. genus and family

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Binomial nomenclature assigns each organism a name consisting of two parts: the genus and the species epithet.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Mycorhhiza is an example of : -

  1. Key-stone species

  2. Endemic species

  3. Critical link species

  4. Rare species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A species whose presence and role within an ecosystem has a disproportionate effect on other organisms within the system. A keystone species is often a dominant predator whose removal allows a prey population to explode and often decreases overall diversity. It includes the American alligators, beavers, bees, elephants, gopher tortoises, grizzly bears, hummingbirds, ivory tree corals, jaguars, mountain lions, mycorrhizal fungi, Pacific salmon and prairie dogs. Thus, Mycorrhiza is a keystone species.

So the correct option is ' Key-stone species'.

Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

Cellular totipotency is demonstrated by

  1. Only gymnosperm cells

  2. All plant cells

  3. All eukaryotic cells

  4. Only bacterial cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. Many somatic plant cells, including some fully differentiated types (e.g., leaf mesophyll), provided they contain intact nuclear, plastid and mitochondrial genomes, have the capacity to regenerate into whole plants. This phenomenon is totipotency.

Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

Rapidly dividing unorganised mass of cells in tissue culture is

  1. Callose.

  2. Callus.

  3. Embryoid.

  4. Plantlet.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tissue culture is a growth of cells or tissues separate from the organism in an artificial environment. The process is called as micropropagation in plant tissue culture. In tissue culture, the small piece of plant or animal is used to grow complete individual and those small parts are called as explants whereas complete grown individuals are called clones. The explant initially turns into rapidly dividing unorganised mass of cells on solid or liquid culture and that is called a callus. 

Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

Cellular totipotency means

  1. Synthesis of new cells.

  2. Formation of new species.

  3. Formation of new plants.

  4. Capability of plant cell to form complete plant.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cellular totipotency means the ability of a cell to give rise to complete individual i.e., the formation of the complete cellular organisation from a single cell. Plant cells are totipotent as they can give rise to complete plant. So answer D is correct.

Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

A totipotent cell means ________________.

  1. An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into a system or entire plant

  2. An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into an organ

  3. An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into complete embryo

  4. Cell which lacks the capability to differentiate into an organ or system.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A totipotent cell means an undifferentiated cell capable of developing into a system or entire plant.
Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

The callus is defined as ________________.

  1. Decaying cells

  2. Differentiated cells

  3. Sterile mass of cells

  4. Undifferentiated mass of cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A callus is an unorganized and undifferentiated mass of proliferating plant cells formed when an explant is cultured in vitro. Differentiated cells form specific tissues, while decaying cells refer to dead matter.

Multiple choice botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

Agitation during tissue culture serves for

  1. Aeration of the culture

  2. Constant Mixing

  3. Breakage of cell aggregates in small particles

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. Plant tissue culture is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation. Agitation during tissue culture serves for:

  • Aeration of the culture
  • Constant Mixing
  • Breakage of cell aggregates in small particles

Multiple choice biology kingdom monera, protista and fungi mycorrhiza classification of fungi useful and harmful microbes

Which is wrong statement?

  1. Archegonia are found in bryophyta, pteridophyta and gymnosperms

  2. Mucer has biflagellate zoospores

  3. Haploid endosperm is typical feature of gymnosperms
  4. Brown algae have chlorophyll $(a)$, chlorophyll $(c)$ and fucoxanthin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mucor belongs to the class zygomycetes. The members of zygomycetes bear non-motile non-flagellated gametes.

So the correct option is B.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

Curing of tobacco is done by

  1. Micrococcus candicans

  2. Bacillus subtilis

  3. Bacillus megaterium

  4. Bacillus ramosus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

After tobacco has been harvested, it is necessary to cure it before consumption. Tobacco curing is also known as colour curing, because when tobacco leaves are cured, the intention is to change their colour and reduce their chlorophyll content. Bacillus megaterium is an endophyte and is a potential agent for the biocontrol of plant diseases. 

Multiple choice evs identifying the plants absorption of water from the soil root system the root system

A plant root has 16 chromosomes, so

  1. Gamete has 16 chromosomes

  2. Gamete has 8 cellschromosomes

  3. Endosperm has 8 chromosomes

  4. Endosperm has 16 chromosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plant roots have diploid cells (2n) which in this case has 16 chromosomes.

Gametes are haploid cells (n) and hence they will have 8 chromosomes.
Endosperm is triploid (3n) and hence they will have 24 chromosomes.
So the correct answer is ' Gamete has 8 cells '.

Multiple choice biology micro organisms non cellular organism : virus world of virus bacteria - introduction, shape and structure

Make correct pair

A. Cyanophyceae                      b. Green colour
B. Chlorophyceae                     a. Blue green colour
C. Phaeophyceae                      d. Red colour
D. Rhodophyceae                     c. Brown colour

  1. Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd

  2. Ab, Bc, Cd, Da

  3. Ab, Ba, Cd, Dc

  4. Ad, Bd, Ca, Db
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
(A) Cyanophyceae - the blue green color is because of pigments phycobilins and phycocyanin, in addition to chlorophyll pigments
(B) Chlorophyceae  -The green colour is due to presence of a chl -a chl - b xanthophylls and carotenes 
(C) Phaeophyceae _ Brown colour is due to presence of pigment  fucoxanthin in addition to chlorophyll pigments
(D) Rhodophyceae _ Colour is red due to presence of r - pigment (r_phycoerythin) in addition to chlorophyll pigments
So, the correct answer is 'Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd'
Multiple choice biology biodiversity and its classifications binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

ICBN is

  1. International Code of Botanical Naming

  2. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

  3. International Class of Botanical Nomenclature

  4. International Classification of Botanical Nomenclature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • ICBN stands for - International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. 
  • It is the set of rules and recommendations for naming plants, fungi, and algae as the ICBN applies not only to plants, as they are now defined, but also to other organisms traditionally studied by botanists.
So, the correct option is 'International Code of Botanical Nomenclature'.