Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte of Riccia is _______________.

  1. Total parasite

  2. Partial parasite

  3. Saprophyte

  4. Autotroph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sporophyte of Riccia is extremely simple, consisting only of a capsule embedded within the gametophytic thallus. Lacking any photosynthetic tissue, foot, or seta to absorb nutrients independently, it is completely dependent on the gametophyte, making it a total parasite.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Antherozoids of moss are

  1. Short, curved and biflagellate

  2. Rod-shaped, biciliate

  3. Short and multiflagellate

  4. Long and multiciliate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The antherozoids (male gametes) of mosses are typically spirally coiled, elongated, and possess two flagella (biflagellate) at their anterior end, which help them swim through water to reach the egg.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

In Riccia/bryophytes

  1. Sporophyte is parasitic over gametophyte

  2. Gametophyte is parasitic over sporophyte

  3. Sporophyte is independent of gametophyte

  4. Sporophyte is semiparasite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In all bryophytes, including Riccia, the sporophyte is physically attached to and nutritionally dependent (either partially or completely) on the dominant, independent gametophyte. Thus, the sporophyte is parasitic on the gametophyte.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Moss protonema resembles in structure with 

  1. Multicellular green alga

  2. Hypha of Rhizopus

  3. Unicellular structure of Acetabularia

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The protonema is a filamentous, branched, and multicellular green structure that develops from a germinating moss spore. Because of its photosynthetic nature and filamentous growth, it closely resembles a multicellular green alga. This structural similarity is often cited as evolutionary evidence linking bryophytes to green algae.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Moss plant is a

  1. Gametophyte

  2. Sporophyte

  3. Sometimes gametophyte and sometimes sporophyte

  4. Predominantly gametophyte with sporophyte attached to it
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The main, conspicuous, green leafy plant of a moss is the gametophyte, which represents the dominant haploid phase of its life cycle. The diploid sporophyte is physically dependent on the gametophyte and is only present temporarily for spore production.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Juvenile state of moss is

  1. Protonema

  2. Capsule

  3. Prothallus

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The protonema is the juvenile, filamentous stage in the life cycle of a moss that develops directly from the germination of a spore. It eventually gives rise to the leafy gametophore (the adult moss plant) through the development of lateral buds. Prothallus is the gametophyte of pteridophytes, not mosses.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

In moss, antheridia and archegonia occur at the tips of two different branches of the same plant. The condition is called

  1. Monoecious and autoicous

  2. Monoecious and paroicous

  3. Monoecious and synoicous

  4. Dioecious
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option 'A' is correct

Monoecious and autoicous means that both the male and female sex organ i.e., artheridia and archegonia are found on same individual or plant (monoicous) but on two different branches of the plant. The sex organs are present at the tips of the branches.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte is completely dependent in

  1. Selaginella

  2. Dryopteris

  3. Riccia

  4. Pinus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In bryophytes like Riccia, the sporophyte is extremely simple, consisting only of a capsule embedded within the gametophytic thallus, completely lacking chlorophyll, a foot, or a seta. Consequently, it is entirely dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition, water, and physical protection. In contrast, pteridophytes and gymnosperms have dominant, independent sporophytes.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Antheridia and archegonia are sex organs of

  1. Spirogyra

  2. Mucor

  3. Moss

  4. Puccinia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antheridia (male sex organs) and archegonia (female sex organs) are multicellular, jacketed reproductive structures characteristic of bryophytes (such as mosses), pteridophytes, and gymnosperms. Spirogyra (a green alga), Mucor (a fungus), and Puccinia (a fungus) do not possess these complex, jacketed sex organs.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte of Riccia contains

  1. Spores, elaters and nutritive cells

  2. Spores and nutritive cells

  3. Elaters and spores

  4. Spores only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Riccia, the sporophyte is the simplest among bryophytes, lacking a foot and seta. During its development, some of the sporogenous cells do not form spores but instead differentiate into sterile nurse cells (nutritive cells) that provide nourishment to the developing spores, while elaters are completely absent.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte of Riccia is 

  1. Total parasite

  2. Partial parasite

  3. Saprophyte

  4. Autotroph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sporophyte of Riccia is the simplest among bryophytes, consisting only of a capsule embedded within the gametophytic thallus. It lacks chlorophyll, a foot, and a seta, making it completely dependent on the gametophytic thallus for water, nutrients, and physical support, thus acting as a total parasite.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Which is peat moss?

  1. Sphagnum

  2. Riccia

  3. Funaria

  4. Marchantia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sphagnum is commonly known as peat moss or bog moss because it grows in acidic bogs and accumulates over time to form peat. Peat is highly valued for its water-retaining capacity and is used as a soil conditioner, fuel, and packing material for transporting live plants.