Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Cleavage and archegonial polyembroyony is common in

  1. Gymnosperms

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Angiosperms

  4. Bryophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polyembryony, the development of more than one embryo in a single seed, is a common feature in gymnosperms, often occurring through cleavage of the proembryo or the presence of multiple archegonia.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

What is correct?

  1. Bryophytes are vascular cryptogams

  2. Pteridophytes are homogenous group of tracheophytes

  3. Cordaitales grow in gymnosperm forests

  4. Gymnosperms are spermatophytes with naked seeds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are spermatophytes, meaning they produce seeds, and these seeds are 'naked' because they are not enclosed within an ovary wall or fruit.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

which of the following is vesselless Gymnosperm ?

  1. Gnetum

  2. Ephedra

  3. Williamsonia

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are seed bearing plants. They are flowerless plants. Most of the gymnosperms are vesselless. They do not have vessels in their xylem. The only division which have vessels is Gnetophytes. Gnetophytes having vessel include Genus Gnetum, Ephedra and Welwitschia. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which of the following is the best evidence that gymnosperms have descended from pteridophytes?

  1. Some gymnosperms have ciliated sperms

  2. They have cones

  3. They have evergreen

  4. Some gymnosperms cannot bear fruit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms and angiosperms, sperm cells have no cilia. All other motile land plant sperm cells are released into the environment.

So, the correct option is 'Some gymnosperms have ciliated sperms'.


Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

The total number of species belonging to present day gymnosperms is about

  1. 2000

  2. 850

  3. 2500

  4. 4000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The total number of living gymnosperms of the world is about 850 species, belonging to 79 genera of 15 families. Although the number of species of gymnosperms accounts for only 0.36% of that of the angiosperms, they have formed large areas of various kinds of coniferous forests and are widely distributed all over the world, especially on mountains from middle to alpine latitudinal zones in cold-temperate and subtropical latitudes of the Northern hemisphere.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which plant group is exclusively perennial?

  1. Dicots

  2. Ferns

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Monocots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. 

One of the main characteristics of gynmosperms is that the group consists of plants that are perennial and woody. 

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which group of plants is exclusively arborescent (woody)?

  1. Pteridophytes

  2. Dicots

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Monocots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The gymnosperm is represented by a perennial, evergreen, woody plant. Most of them are trees and some are shrubs. A few gymnosperms may be lianas or climbers. There are no herbs. Gymnosperms include one of the world's tallest trees, Sequoia sempervirens.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which of the following are absent in group gymnosperm?

  1. Trees

  2. Shrubs

  3. Liana

  4. Herbs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that do not produce flowers. These include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetales. Though they are seed bearing their seeds are not enclosed in ovary they make up for about 700 species of woody plants with most of them being trees and some shrubs. A few gymnosperms however may lianas or climbers. However, there are no herbs in the group.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom pteridophytes introduction to pteridophytes cryptogams

The most primitive vascular plants are ___________.

  1. Cycas

  2. Ferns

  3. Moss

  4. Brown algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Most premitive vascular plants are pteridophytes.
Cycas belongs to gymnosperms. Gymnosperms have a well-differentiated plant body with vascular tissues. They produce naked seeds. Hence, option A is incorrect. 
Moss belongs to bryophytes. Bryophytes have a well-differentiated plant body with stem and leaf-like structures. But there is no specialized vascular or mechanical tissue. Therefore, option C is incorrect. 
Brown algae belong to thallophytes. Thallophytes do not have well-differentiated plant body and vascular tissues. Therefore, option D is incorrect. 
Ferns belong to pteridophytes. Pteridophytes have a well-differentiated plant body with vascular tissues. Therefore, option B is correct. 

Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

In which among the following plants archegonium is present?

  1. Spirogyra

  2. Funaria

  3. Rhizopus

  4. Brassica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Archegonia are the female sex organs found in bryophytes, pteridophytes, and gymnosperms. Among the choices, Funaria is a bryophyte.

Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

Which of the following statements attributed to the fact that 'Lifecycle of Funaria is not completed without water'?

  1. As fertilization takes place only in the presence of water

  2. As Funaria is a hydrophyte

  3. As plant is delicate and will dry without water

  4. As branches will not develop
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes like Funaria require water for the flagellated sperm (antherozoids) to swim to the archegonium for fertilization.

Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

Funaria can be differentiated from Cycas as it

  1. Has pollen tube

  2. Has antheridia and archegonia

  3. Does not produce fruits

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Funaria is known as common moss or green moss. The plant body is foliose that consists of stem axis which bears many leaves and instead of roots, rhizoids are present. It is gametophytic (n) and independent. It bears antheridia and archegonia on the same plant but on different branches.

After many years of vegetative growth sex organs develop on Cycas sporophytes in the form of cones or strobili. Cycas is dioecious i.e. male cone and female cone (lax) born on separate sporophytes. The male sporophyte is heterogametic having sex chromosomes-XY while the female sporophyte is homogametic having sex chromosomes-XX.


Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

Which of the following is Bryophyte?

  1. Funaria

  2. Volvox

  3. ChIorella

  4. Spirullina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Funaria is known as common moss or green moss or cord moss. The main plant body of Funaria is gametophyte and is of two forms.

(1) Juvenile form (creeping protonema).

(2) Adult form (leafy gametophore).

It is characterized by filamentous setae, a gibbous obtusely pyriform capsule, and usually a double peristome of 16 teeth. Clorella, Volvox and Spirulina belongs to the phylum Algae (Thallophyta).

Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

Which of the following is example of moss?

  1. Funaria

  2. Riccia

  3. Anthoceros

  4. Pellia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Funaria is a genus of mosses in which the leaves are often crowded towards the tops of short stems. The leaves are tongue-shaped to ovate. The capsule is pyriform. The capsules are often numerous and are initially green and pear-shaped, becoming yellowish to orange-brown when ripe; they are borne on long, usually curved setae.
Riccia and Pellia belongs to the class Hepaticae. Anthoceros belong to the class Anthocerotae. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice examples of bryophytes plant kingdom biology

Funaria differs from Pteridium in the  absence of ___________.

  1. Root

  2. Stem

  3. Archegonia

  4. Embryo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Funaria is a bryophyte and lacks true vascular tissues, including true roots, stems, and leaves. Pteridium is a pteridophyte and possesses true roots.