Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Which of the following gives vital information about the plants?

  1. Binomial nomenclature

  2. Vernacular names

  3. Synonyms

  4. Trinomial nomenclature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Binomial Nomenclature system consists of a Generic name and a Specific name. Generic name is a noun which is unique to one kingdom but can be repeated across kingdoms. Specific name is usually an adjective and is unique to an organism. Therefore, Binomial system of nomenclature gives us vital information about the organisms.
So, the correct answer is, 'Binomial Nomenclature'.
Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Binomial nomenclature is 

  1. Not applicable to cyanbacteria.

  2. Not accepted by a number of countries.

  3. Universal with one specific name to each organism.

  4. Universal with two specific names to each organism.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Binomial nomenclature system was proposed by Carl Linnaeus for the scientific naming of all the plants and animals. Linnaeus proposed the scientific name of plants in his book 'Species Plantarum'.
  • In binomial nomenclature, each scientific name has two components-generic names (genus) and specific name (species) E.g., Mangifera indica Linn. Mangifera is the genus name and indica is the species name.
So, the correct answer 'Universal with one specific name to each organism'

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

International code of 'Biological Nomenclature' is applicable to

  1. Viruses

  2. Plants

  3. Animals

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The International Code of Biological Nomenclature is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal scientific names that are given to plants and animals. 
  • Its intent is that each taxonomic group has only one correct name that is accepted worldwide. The value of a scientific name is that it is an identifier; it is not necessarily of descriptive value, or even accurate.
  • International code of Viral Nomenclature (ICVN) is applicable for viruses.
So, the correct option is 'Both B and C'.
Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Botanical names of plants are treated in Latin because

  1. Rules of nomenclature were framed by Italian botanists they were speaking Latin.

  2. It is very difficult to pronounce Latin names and they convey multiple meanings.

  3. Latin was the natural language of many European countries.

  4. Latin was a dead language, its word would convey precise meaning. It was the mother of all European languages and all the early botanical literature was in Latin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Linnaeus started nomenclature of plants in Latin. At the time of Linnaeus’ work, Latin, the language of science, was taught everywhere and was uniquely suitable for this system of naming plants and animals. European scholars throughout the continent spoke Latin as a common language between various European nations. It is also the mother of all European languages.

So, the correct option is 'Latin was a dead language, its word would convey precise meaning, it was the mother of all European languages and all the early botanical literature was in Latin'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Binomial nomenclature means 

  1. One name given by two scientists.

  2. One specific name consisting of a genus and specific epithet.

  3. Two names, one latinised, other of person.

  4. Two names, one scientific, other local.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Binomial Nomenclature is the method of naming a particular organism by a single standard name known all over the world. The first word represents the genus while the second component represents specific epithet. The first word of the generic name starts with a capital letter and specific epithet starts with a small letter.

So, the correct option 'One specific name consisting of a gene and specific epithet'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Binomial system of nomenclature for plants is effective from

  1. 5.8.1771

  2. 1.5.1753

  3. 1.8.1758

  4. 6.7.1736
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Binomial system of nomenclature for plants is effective from 6. 7. 1736.
  • Each name consists of 2 parts, genus and specific epithet.
  • The book Systema Naturae introduced the system of binomial nomenclature.
So, the correct option is '6.7.1736'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Binomial nomenclature consists of two words 

  1. Genus and species

  2. Order and family

  3. Family and genus

  4. Species and variety
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Binomial Nomenclature proposed by Carl Linnaeus is the method of naming a particular organism by a single standard name known all over the world. 
  • The first word represents the genus while the second component represents specific epithet. 
So, the correct option is 'Genus and species'.
Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Binomial system of nomenclature means that every organism has

  1. two names, one scientific and one popular

  2. one name given by two scientists

  3. one scientific name consisting of a generic and a specific epithet

  4. two names, one denoting the .latinised name of the, place and the other of the person, who determined it
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The local name of thousands and thousands of plants and animals varies from place to place.
  • Hence, there is a need to standardize the naming of a living organism such that a particular organism is known by the same name all over the world.
  • And so Binomial Nomenclature was given.
  • The first name denotes the name of the genus and second denotes the Species name.
Hence, the correct answer is 'One scientific name consisting of a generic and a specific epithet.'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

Prokaryotes are placed in a group known as 

  1. Monera

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Bryophyta

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prokaryotes are placed in a group Monera. These includes bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Eubacteria, etc. They are unicellular organisms. They have cell wall. They lack membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria. They also lack true nucleus. Instead, they have nucleoid, a genetic material without nuclear envelope.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Monera.'

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

Organisms which are considered to be the most primitive group in the world are grouped under

  1. Kingdom Monera

  2. Kingdom Protista

  3. Kingdom Fungi

  4. Kingdom Plantae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to the "Five kingdom system of classification" proposed by R. H. Whittaker in 1969, all living organisms are classified under 5 kingdoms. The names and characteristics are explained below.

  1. Kingdom Monera:  Contains unicellular, prokaryotic, organisms like bacterial species. These are the most primitive organisms with no defined or true nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles. 
  2. Kingdom Protista: Contains eukaryotic unicellular organisms like Amoeba. They have true membrane-bound organelles and nucleus.
  3. Kingdom Fungi: Eukaryotic multicellular (exception: yeast is unicellular) non-photosynthetic organisms
  4. Kingdom Plantae:  Eukaryotic multicellular photosynthetic autotrophic organisms
  5. Kingdom Animalia: Eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophic organisms.
Here, only Kingdom Monera is consists of prokaryotic organisms and thus it is considered the most primitive group.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

Which kingdon included nutritioally most diversed group of organisms and has no well defined boundaries?

  1. Monera

  2. Protist

  3. Fungi

  4. Plantae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Monera contains bacteria, which exhibit the most diverse metabolic strategies (autotrophic, heterotrophic, chemoautotrophic) and lack a defined nuclear membrane, making their boundaries less distinct compared to other kingdoms.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

According to Whittaker, one of the following is most primitive evolutionary group

  1. Plantae

  2. Fungi

  3. Protista

  4. Monera
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

R. H. Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification in which the Monera group is considered as the most primitive group. The kingdom Monera includes organisms such as the archaebacteria, bacteria, cyanobacteria (BGA), and filamentous actinomycetes. These organisms are unicellular or multicellular prokaryotes. There are different forms of primitive organisms which show that the evolution occurred in these organisms much before compared to the organisms of the other group. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

According to five kingdom system, blue green algae belongs to

  1. Metaphyta

  2. Monera

  3. Protista

  4. Algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The kingdom monera is comprised of the prokaryotic organisms. The blue green algae is included under the kingdom monera. These are primitive form of prokaryotic organisms. They are unicellular or multicellular forming filamentous structures. They do not have well-developed cell organelles such as nuclear membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, etc. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

Cyanobacteria belong  to_____________

  1. Monera

  2. Bryophyta

  3. Protista

  4. Plantae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The kingdom Monera includes organisms that are single-celled known as bacteria. The microorganisms in the kingdom Monera are considered as the most ancient living forms on earth. The kingdom is divided into two groups Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. All the organisms of this kingdom are prokaryotes. These cells do not have a nuclear membrane, the chromosome is single and circular, they also lack membrane-bound cellular organelles. This kingdom includes bacteria, cyanobacteria, mycoplasma, etc. They are unicellular organisms and do not have a specific mode of nutrition. They can be either aerobic or anaerobic. These organisms have a cell wall that is made up of peptidoglycans. The cell organelles are not membrane-bound.