Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Phylogenetic system of angioperm classification was given by ___________.

  1. Hallier

  2. Hutchinson

  3. Takhtajan

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hallier, Hutchinson, Takhtajan, Engler, and Prantl is proposed with the phylogenetic system of classification.

Such a system includes the classification of organisms on the basis of descent from a common ancestor. Also, it is based on evolutionary ancestry.

So, the correct option is ' All of the above' i.e. D.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Phanerogamae include _______ and ______.

  1. Gymnosperms and Pteridophytes

  2. Bryophytes and algae

  3. Bryophytes and angiosperms

  4. Angiosperms and gymnosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phanerogamae are the sub-kingdom of kingdom Plantae. They include seed bearing and flowering plants. They are further grouped into angiosperms and gymnosperms 

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Natural system of classification is based on

  1. Morphology

  2. Phylogeny

  3. Morphology and Affinities

  4. Ontogeny
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Michael Adanson was the first scientist to reject all the artificial systems and support the natural systems of classification.
  • Natural system of classification is that in which all natural characteristics of plants both vegetative and reproductive characters are taken into consideration. It is purely natural as the knowledge of phyllogenicity was not detected 
  • Natural system of classification is a biological classification based upon morphological and anatomical relationships and affinities 
So the correct is 'Morphology and affinities'

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

The measuring scale of taxonomy is

  1. OTU

  2. Carbon dating

  3. Karyotyping

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Taxonomy can be analyzed on a measuring scale based on OTU (Operational taxonomic unit), Carbon dating and Karyotyping.
  • An operational taxonomic unit (OTU) is an operational definition used to classify groups of closely related individuals.
  • Carbon dating is used to determine age of age old fossils.
  • Karyotyping is arranging and pairing of different chromosomes of an organism. They can be compared to study inter-relationship and evolutionary connection between organisms in a taxon. 
So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms are dealt in

  1. Taxonomy

  2. Exobiology

  3. Ecology

  4. Embryology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Taxonomy refers to a biological classification in which the organisms are arranged in distinct groups based on their common characteristics. It mainly includes the process of identifying and classifying living organisms and give names to them

So, the correct answer is 'Taxonomy'

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Taxonomy is connected with 

  1. Collection of plants and animals

  2. Classification of oragnisms

  3. Identification, nomenculture and classification of organisms

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Classification of living organisms into different groups based on their characteristics is termed as taxonomy. Three main objectives of taxonomy are Identification, Nomenclature and Classification. It was brought in use by Carolus Linnaeus.
So, the correct option is(C) 'Identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms'.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Principles and rules of classification are studied under 

  1. Systematics

  2. Natural classifications

  3. Nomenclature

  4. Taxonomy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Taxonomy is the branch of biology that involves the study of principles and procedures of classification into groups based on similarities of structure, origin, etc. Three main objectives of Taxonomy are Identification, Nomenclature, and Classification.

So, the correct option is 'Taxonomy'.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Taxon is the unit of 

  1. Species

  2. Genus

  3. Order

  4. Taxonomy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Taxon is the unit of taxonomy. It is any level of grouping organisms. It is all the categories in the hierarchical classification. Genus, order, family, species are all taxon.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Phylogenetic system of angiosperm classification was given by

  1. Hallier

  2. Hutchinson

  3. Takhtajan

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Hallier, Hutchinson, Takhtajan, Engler, and Prantl proposed the phylogenetic system of classification. 
  • This system includes classifying organisms on the basis of descent from a common ancestor. It is based on evolutionary ancestry. 
So, the correct option is ' All of the above'.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

A group of plants or animals with similar traits of any rank is 

  1. Species

  2. Genus

  3. Order

  4. Taxon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Each unit or category of classification is termed as a taxon. It represents a rank. All the organism belonging to a similar taxon share similar traits. For example, the basic level of classification is species, followed by genus, family, order, class, phylum or division, in ascending order.

So, the correct option is 'Taxon'.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Which one of the following systems of plant classification is not phylogenetic?

  1. Bentham and Hooker's system

  2. Engler and Prantl's system

  3. Hutchinson's system

  4. Takhtajan's system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bentham and Hooker's system of classification is based on morphological characters and is considered a natural system, not a phylogenetic one. Phylogenetic systems aim to reflect evolutionary relationships, which the others listed do.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

The system of classification of plants proposed by these two botanists is claimed to be a natural system.

  1. Engler and Prantl

  2. Bentham and Hooker

  3. Aristotle and Theophrastus

  4. Darwin and Wallace
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker are the British botanists. They proposed the classification system based on the natural system. This system includes the characters of the plants which exist in the natural conditions. The plants are classified based on their relative affinities.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Phylogenetic system of classification is based on:
 

  1. Floral characters

  2. Evolutionary relationships

  3. Morphological features

  4. Chemical constituents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A classification that is based on biochemical properties are termed as chemotaxonomy.

And the classification based on quantitative assessment of similarities and differences between the organisms are known as phenetic classification.

Classification based on cytological characteristics of organisms is known as cytotaxonomy. Also, phylogenetic classification is based on the evolutionary ancestry.

So the correct option is B.