Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

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Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Plants are given Latin names because it is a 

  1. Simple language

  2. Common language

  3. Dead language

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the mid eighteenth century, the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus devised a system in which every living species was given a two part Latin name. Latin, was chosen because it was a dead language, fixed and not changing over time. Thus, we can rely on a Latin name to mean exactly the same thing that it did 300 years ago. The first word in a scientific name, is that of the genus. The second word of a scientific name identifies an individual species.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Which one of the following is wrong statement?

  1. Growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive in higher plants and animals.

  2. Metabolism and consciousness are defining characteristics of living organisms unlike growth and reproduction.
  3. The standard size of a herbarium sheet is $29 \, \times \, 41cm$.

  4. Binomial system of nomenclature for plant is effective from 1735.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option $D$ is wrong statement.

Binomial system of  nomenclature for plant is effective from $1758$.
Binomial system of nomenclature is a universal name given to any organism. This consists of two Latin words which is written in italics or underlined to denote a species that is to be denoted. This system of naming was introduced by Carl Linnaeus.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Consider the following statements regarding scientific name: (i) The idea of binomial nomenclature was first introduced by Gaspard Bauhin. (ii) Scientific names are always in Greek. (iii) The first name in scientific name is generic name. (iv) Generic and specific name starts with small letters.
Segregate the above statements as true (T) or false (F) by selecting the correct option:

  1. FFTF.

  2. TTTT.

  3. FFFT.

  4. FTFT.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Binomial nomenclature was popularized by Linnaeus, not Bauhin (i is False). Scientific names are derived from Latin, not Greek (ii is False). The first name is the generic name (iii is True). Generic names start with a capital letter, while specific epithets start with a small letter (iv is False).

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

In nomenclature ___________

  1. Both genus and species are printed italics

  2. Genus and species are always of the same name

  3. Both in genus and species the first letter is capital

  4. Genus is written after the species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The various conventions followed while writing Binomial nomenclature are : 
1. The first letter of the genus name must be capital and the first letter of the species name must be a small letter.
2. Scientific names must be underlined separately when written by hand.
3. In printed matter, these names are printed in Italic and underlined when handwritten.
So, the correct option is 'Both genus and species are printed in italics'.
Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Throughout the world, official species names are in

  1. Latin

  2. Greek

  3. English

  4. Vernacular names
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Most plants and animals have local, popular names, but a system needed to be devised so that they will be recognized everywhere. When Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus started to devise a system of classifying organisms, he gave different phyla and species Latin names, because Latin was such a universal scholarly language in Europe.
  • Using Latin names helps to avert confusion caused by the often contradictory and multiple common names an individual may have. European scholars throughout the continent spoke Latin as a common language between various European nations. Key scientific figures such as Newton and Mendeleev published their papers and findings in Latin.
  • Latin is used throughout the world as it is a dead language and is universally identified and it will not change in the form or spelling with the passage of time.
  • Most of the scientist, used Latin to publish their papers. So it is only logical for Linnaeus to come out with his classification system for living things (binomial nomenclature) in Latin or else he would not have probably gained much recognition from the academia at that time.
So the correct option is Latin.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Generic name 

  1. Always starts with a capital letter.

  2. Always starts with a small letter.

  3. Starts with capital letter for plants and small letter for animals.

  4. Starts with capital letter for animals and small letter for plants.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The scientific name of a genus may be called as the generic name or generic epithet. It is always capitalized in both, plants and animals. It plays a pivotal role in binomial nomenclature, the system of naming organisms. 

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

In printing scientific names, it is conventional for only the .......... to be underlined or italicized.

  1. Binomial

  2. Genus

  3. Species

  4. Division

  5. Kingdom
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The binomial system of nomenclature was first introduced in 1753 by Carl von Linne, who is known by his latinised name Linnaeus. According to the binomial system, the name of the organism consists of two latin words. The first word which begins with a capital letter refers to the genus. The second word, which begins with lower case letter, refers to species. Both are written in italics or underlined. Hence option A is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

The name of genus begins with a ........... and the name of species begins with ........ letter.

  1. Capital letter, small letter

  2. Small letter, capital letter

  3. Capital letter, italics letter

  4. Small letter, italics letter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

While writing the scientific names, certain conventions need to be followed such as the name of genus begins with a capital letter and name of species begins with small letter.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

In zoological name of an organism the first word will be

  1. Generic name

  2. Specific name

  3. Name of the order

  4. Family name
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the Binomial system of nomenclature zoological name of an organism consist of two parts. The first part starts with a capital letter and represents genus, the second name that does not start with the capital letter is species name. Both the names are underlined separately.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

In plants, Latin names are suggested because

  1. Latin name is simple

  2. Universal identification is required

  3. It is easy to write

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Plants have Latin names due to Binomial Nomenclature System of naming plants developed by famed Swedish botanist, Linnaeus.
  • Using Latin names helps to avert confusion caused by the often contradictory and multiple common names an individual may have.
  • He picked the Latin language because it's a dead language and is universally identified
So the correct option is universal identification is required. 

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

When generic name is repeated in specific name of a species, it is called

  1. Synonyms

  2. Antonyms

  3. Tautonyms

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A tautonym is a scientific name of a species in which both parts of the name (the genera and species) have the same spelling, for example - Bison bison Linnaeus, 1758 for American Bison.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

Binomial nomenclature is useful because

  1. It makes easy to use the same name of particular thing throughout the world

  2. It helps to explain that things are related

  3. Both A and B

  4. It helps to know about the kingdom only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Binomial Nomenclature is the scientific way of naming organisms. It consists of a generic and a specific name for every organism. The advantages of Binomial system are that a single scientific name can be used to an organism across the world and it also helps naming organisms in such a way that similar organisms are named using a common Generic name. It helps us to explain organisms that are related.
So, the answer is, 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

The main drawback of binomial nomenclature is

  1. The botanical name of the plant depends on the taxonomic system.

  2. The name of the plant is not limited by size.

  3. The name plant does not depend on taxonomy.

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The usefulness of botanical names is limited by the fact that taxonomic groups are not fixed in size; a taxon may have a varying circumscription. The group of a particular botanical name refers to can be quite small according to some people and quite big according to others.
  • Unlike the common name which took size, uses and appearance into consideration, binomial names were only based on taxonomic system.
So, the correct option is 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

The usefulness of botanical name is limited by

  1. The size of taxonomic group

  2. Type of taxon

  3. The name of taxon

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The usefulness of botanical names is limited by the size of the taxonomic group. The taxonomic groups are not fixed in size. It may have circumscription depending on the taxonomic system. Hence, the botanical name may belong to either too small or too big group.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

ICBN is connected with 

  1. Correct nomenclature of animals.

  2. Correct nomenclature of plants.

  3. Correct nomenclature of biochemicals.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants. Its intent is that each taxonomic group of plants has only one correct name that is accepted worldwide. The value of a scientific name is that it is an identifier; it is not necessarily of descriptive value, or even accurate.

So, the correct option is 'Correct nomenclature of plants'.