Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology root system in plants modifications of root root modifications

In many plants the tap root becomes swollen and assume various forms. Match the following.

Plant Type of Root
A. Carrot 1. Conical
B. Mirabilis  2. Fusiform
C. Radish 3. Napiform
D. Turnip 4. Tuberous

  1. A - 1, B - 4, C - 2, D - 3

  2. A - 2, B - 3, C - 1, D - 4

  3. A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2

  4. A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

1.The conical fleshy tap root resembles a cone, that is, the thickest towards base and gradually tapering towards the apex, e.g., Carrot (Daucus carota) 2.The fusiform fleshy root is like a spindle, that is, thickest roughly in the middle and narrow towards both its base and apex, e.g., Radish (Raphanus sativus). 3.The napiform fleshy root is very thick at the base and is almost spherical. It suddenly thins out towards the apex (top-like), e.g., Turnip (Brassica rapa ) 4.The tuberous roots are those thickened tap roots which do not assume any definite form, e.g., Mirabilis jalapa (Four O’ Clock). So, the correct option is A. (A - 1, B - 4, C - 2, D - 3)

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology root system in plants modifications of root root modifications

Most of the orchids are

  1. Epiphytes

  2. Parasites

  3. Saprophytes

  4. Hygophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most orchids are epiphytes as they have epiphytic roots. Epiphytes are plants that grow anchored to other plants. They are non-parasitic. Epiphytic roots are adventitious roots found in the epiphytes. These roots are present in the air and absorb the moisture and nutrients from the air. Since epiphytic plants do not have roots in the soil, they are called as air plants. Epiphytic roots of orchids grow on the surface of other plants for getting shelter.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology root system in plants modifications of root root modifications

Plants living perched on other plants but not obtaining water or food from them are called

  1. Hydrophytes

  2. Periphytes

  3. Epiphytes

  4. Epinastic plants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
These stems will supply water to the plants when there is not enough rain water.  Some epiphytes, like certain orchids, have roots that can absorb water vapour from the air! For their nutrients (something like vitamins), these epiphytes get them from rotting leaves, twigs and small branches that are found nearby. So, the correct answer is "Epiphytes."
Multiple choice biology seeds - structure and germination dicot seed structure of monocot and dicot seed the seed monocot seed

Bentham and Hooker classified dicots into

  1. Polypetalae, gamopetalae and glumiflorae

  2. Polypetalae, gamopetalae and monochlamydae

  3. Achlamydae, diclamydeae and metachlamydae

  4. Archichlamydae, sympetalae and apetalae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The Bentham and hooker classification system compromises of the following main groups in Class DICOTYLEDONES:
  • POLYPETALE
Series 1. Thalamiflorae
Series 2. Disciflorae
Series 3. Calyciflorae
  •  GAMOPETALAE 
Series 1. Inferae
Series 2. Heteromeric
Series 3. Bicarpellatae
  •  MONOCHLAMYDAE.
  • Hence, Bentham and Hooker classified dicots into Polypetalae, gamopetalous and monochlamydae.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Polypetalae, gamopetalae and monochlamydae'.
Multiple choice biology seeds - structure and germination dicot seed structure of monocot and dicot seed the seed monocot seed

The most vast dicot family is

  1. Fabaceae

  2. Compositae

  3. Orchidaceae

  4. Loranthaceae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The production of vast amount of grain is one of the most outstanding outcome of modern agriculture. Poaceae (monocot) and fabaceae (dicot) contribute to the species, that are responsible for the vast majority of grain production worldwide.

Multiple choice biology seeds - structure and germination dicot seed structure of monocot and dicot seed the seed monocot seed

Which among dicotyledons are considered to have most primitive genera?

  1. papilionaceae (Crotolaria sp.)

  2. Cucurbitaceae (Cucurbita sp)

  3. Magnoliaceae (Magnolia sp.)

  4. Rosaceae (Rosa sp.)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The earliest known flowering plants date back to about 130 million years ago. According to Cronquist (evolution and classification of flowering plants, 1988), the most primitive of all living angiosperms belong to the subclass Magnoliidae. This subclass contains several primitive plant families, including the water-lily family (Nymphaeaceae), buttercup family (Ranunculaceae) and magnolia family (Magnoliaceae). 

Multiple choice biology seeds - structure and germination dicot seed structure of monocot and dicot seed the seed monocot seed

In plants, during embryonic condition

  1. All cells of the embryo divide.

  2. Meristematic activity is confined to single apical cell.

  3. Meristematic activity is confined to a group of apical cells.

  4. Apical and lateral cells only divide.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Embryonic tissue in plants refers to the actively growing cells but more than often this term is used to describe the early formation of tissue during its first growth stages. It thus refers to the sporophyte, gametophyte embryos from seedlings as well as meristematic tissues which are always in embryonic state. Under this condition, the growth of this tissues takes place through cell division and the cells of the embryo divide.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology classification of plants thallophyta cryptograms kingdom plantae

The characters of thallophyta is/are

  1. Plant body is thallus.

  2. Non-vascular plant.

  3. Sex organs are unicellular and without jacket of sterile cell.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Thallophytes lack differentiation of plant body into the stem and leaves. The plant body is called as a thallus. They lack vascular tissue, the sex organs are unicellular and when multicellular, all are fertile. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology classification of plants thallophyta cryptograms kingdom plantae

Which of the following is an example of division Thallophyta?

  1. Ulothrix

  2. Funaria

  3. Riccia

  4. Adiantum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ulothrix is an example of division Thallophyta, while Funaria and Riccia are example of Bryophyta and Adiantum is an example of Pteridophyta. 

Multiple choice biology classification of plants thallophyta cryptograms kingdom plantae

Non flowering plants belong to 

  1. Monocots

  2. Dicots

  3. Cryptogams

  4. Phanerogams
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Non flowering plants are those plants which cannot produce flowers. They reproduce mainly through spores. Examples of non flowering plants include ferns, mosses and liverworts. They belong to cryptogams. Cryptogams are non flowering and seedless, spore-bearing plants. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.